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Author Topic: Back to Basics  (Read 150244 times)

Grumpy

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #75 on: August 20, 2009, 12:28:12 AM »
Thanks BEP

Here are some interesting curiosities:

Velocity of longitudinal wave (Tesla) 471,240 km/sec
Velocity of light                            300,000 km/sec
Electric field in a conductor            100,000 km/sec
Electron in CRT @ 1600 V POT           6,000 km/sec
Electron on super conductive surface 15 - 40 m/sec
Electron in negative-doped silicon            15 m/sec
Electron hole in positive-doped silicon        5 m/sec
Electron drift in copper                      .0001 m/sec

I would think that electrons in vacuum tubes move faster than in semiconductors...hmmm

sparks

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #76 on: August 20, 2009, 12:32:31 AM »
      Zero-point energy is mislabeled it is zero wavelength energy.  If something happens in a field that happens to the field faster than the speed of light there is no preceptable radiation (gravitational acceleration excluded) from the field.  It never happened to anything outside the field because emradiation is limited in it's ability to effect change in other parts of space.  But what if the field change is accomplished faster than the speed of light? Is there then a different kinda flow of time which isnt limited by the speed of light to manifest?

Grumpy

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #77 on: August 20, 2009, 06:08:46 PM »
http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:9792/saha-edwards-aup.pdf

Abstract:

Currents are established on the surface of conductors by the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the insulating material between them. If the load is less than the characteristic impedance of the insulating material of the line, multiple reflections and retransmissions eventually build up the line current to that required by the load. The currents are initially established on the surface of the conductors before diffusing relatively slowly into the interior and gives rise to the skin effect. The diffusion velocity depends the conductivity, permeability, thickness of the conductor, and the frequency of the excitation, and such effects of the diffusion process are difficult to conceptually appreciate. Fortunately, the diffusion of heat into solids is very similar, and will be used as ananalogy to aid understanding. This diffusion is the means whereby current moves into conductors and flux into of magnetic cores.


Excerpt:

Quote
For a very large copper conductor the penetration velocity at a frequency 50Hz is approximately 8 m/s. This relatively low velocity is not very apparent in every day applications because the currents needed to energise electrical loads initially propagate along the cable(transmission line) to the load as displacement currents in the insulation, at velocities approaching c. The displacement current builds up the line current on the surface of the conducting cables by multiple reflections, and this current diffuses into the interior of the conductor [1], Thus current changes (electron accelerations) actually move into the conductors from the outside surfaces and only have to diffuse through the thickness of the conductors (half the diameter) rather than along the whole length of the cable from the power source to the load. If it were not for the displacement current setting up the surface currents in the first instance, energy transmission, (other than via relatively steady dc currents) via copper conductors would be virtually impossible because of the long diffusion times and attenuations.

 ;D
« Last Edit: August 21, 2009, 12:38:44 AM by Grumpy »

giantkiller

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #78 on: August 21, 2009, 12:30:18 AM »
@BEP,
This is my latest 4" build right from the low inductance copper only specs. I am following through with a number of completions of OU projects. I am on this one this next. My acccident will not deter me.

Can I put a gold star on my calendar?  ;D

Seriously...

I use this.  Make yourself a simple coil. Instead of a ferrous core use a conductive core. Bang the coil with A.C., D.C., pulses, whatever. Read the voltage from one end of the conductive core to the other and note the polarity. It will be very small.

Now connect that core in series with the coil so the measured core polarity works 'with' the applied polarity of the coil for pulsed D.C.

When current is going through the coil it 'induces' the same direction current into the core which 'induces' the same current direction in the coil, etc., etc., etc.

No. This example won't give you free energy and it works better if the coil is canceling bifilar  :)

If you wrap a few turns of wire on a short piece of wire don't expect much  :P

Justalabrat

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #79 on: August 21, 2009, 02:46:59 AM »
There are a lot of TPU threads here.  I was just wondering if anyone has managed to light up a 100 watt bulb yet?

 :)

otto

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #80 on: August 21, 2009, 08:14:15 AM »
Hello all,

its not a problem to light a 100W bulb to a full brightness. Come on. After so many years not to light a bulb would be a little bit idiotic, to say so. Im talking about myself, not the people here, they are fine.

A time ago I made a TPU that could light a bulb to full brightness with less input then output but I was not satisfied because I couldnt say "thats it"!!!

Something was not perfect! It was only my feeling but I had to forget how I did it because it was not done in the right way.

Now, after SMs posts I know the right way and I hope not to fail so much as in the past but you know how it is: when you think you have it, a little problem becomes a big one and .......

Otto

rensseak

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #81 on: August 21, 2009, 09:18:31 AM »
http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:9792/saha-edwards-aup.pdf

Abstract:

Currents are established on the surface of conductors by the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the insulating material between them. If the load is less than the characteristic impedance of the insulating material of the line, multiple reflections and retransmissions eventually build up the line current to that required by the load. The currents are initially established on the surface of the conductors before diffusing relatively slowly into the interior and gives rise to the skin effect. The diffusion velocity depends the conductivity, permeability, thickness of the conductor, and the frequency of the excitation, and such effects of the diffusion process are difficult to conceptually appreciate. Fortunately, the diffusion of heat into solids is very similar, and will be used as ananalogy to aid understanding. This diffusion is the means whereby current moves into conductors and flux into of magnetic cores.


Excerpt:

 ;D


http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=3&url=http%3A%2F%2Fespace.library.uq.edu.au%2Feserv%2FUQ%3A9820%2Faupec-03-6.pdf&ei=IEmOSvHIKJSh_Ab-oMDpDQ&rct=j&q=Establishment+of+Current+in.+Electrical+Cables+via+Electromagnetic+Energies+%26+the.+Poyting+Vector&usg=AFQjCNEVAD7cejz09qiJJfsoKEcYl_4Etw

BEP

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #82 on: August 21, 2009, 12:48:35 PM »
Very good papers. Never seen such before on the civilian side.

The only things I see that concern me are:

1. Where is the phase relationship difference of magnetic field propagation between the two major electric currents?
2. They still don't see the difference between the magnetic field generated by current propagation and the magnetic field opposing the first magnetic field.
3. I see no mention of the helical rotation of charge and current propagation cause by the magnetic fields created during movement. It looks like they are still thinking in 2D.

Who knows? Maybe the world is still flat?  :D

Grumpy

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #83 on: August 21, 2009, 03:36:22 PM »
Very good papers. Never seen such before on the civilian side.

The only things I see that concern me are:

1. Where is the phase relationship difference of magnetic field propagation between the two major electric currents?
2. They still don't see the difference between the magnetic field generated by current propagation and the magnetic field opposing the first magnetic field.
3. I see no mention of the helical rotation of charge and current propagation cause by the magnetic fields created during movement. It looks like they are still thinking in 2D.

Who knows? Maybe the world is still flat?  :D

I doubt you will find these answers in writing on the civilian side.

I found some old articles (FitzGerald) on the magnetic field of a displacement current being "open" rather than "closed", but nothing about this in the last 100 years.
 
Took long enough to find that the displacement causes conduction current to flow.

Getting to the point: is it possible to cause current flow with the proper application of displacement current along/across the wire?  I suspect that it is.

If you create a rotating region of displacement current, it will cause the electrons/positrons to move.  Of course you need to keep the region "alive", so you'd have to keep stimulating it with HV to keep repolarizing it.   I'd guess that the tuning is very tight and you could sweep right past it and never know it was there.

sparks

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #84 on: August 21, 2009, 06:32:16 PM »
Back to a basics level just a level or two above Maxwell's vortex view of the aether. 8)   The magnetic field disruption is increased by the number of ampere turns in a coil.  The impedance of the coil also increases with the number of turns so as we increase turns it becomes increasingly difficult to increase current flow through the coil.  We must either raise the voltage or decrease the frequency to increase the ampere turns effect.  In a single turn loop this also stands true.  To effect a greater magnetic field disruption we need to increase current through the one turn loop.  If we drop the frequency to say 7hz the loop impedance to this signal at 120volts appears as a dead short to the supply.  So lower the voltage.  The ampere turns magnetic field disruption can now be accomplished from a very low voltage ac signal.  The resistance of the coil conductor now becomes the limiting factor as to how many ampereturns we have.  Tesla knew this simple fact and look at what he did on his primaries.  Liquid nitrogen baths,  copper tubing primaries,  etc.  SM used multistranded cable which allows for better resistance due to the high order of surface area as compared to solid conductors we typically find in electric motor magnet wire.  A 1volt peak to peak ac signal at 7hz can now produce a very large ampereturn effect.  Now to get some induced voltage out of this we wrap a secondary around the coil.  The number of turns here is alot. The magnetic field disruption now allows for an induced emf of say 120volts at 7hz.   Into this circuit we introduce some resistance to increase the impedance of the secondary.  The lights come on from a ultra low frequency 1volt scource.  In order to collect a 1volt ptop 7hz signal we need to have a very large dipole antennae or a loop antennae  that is electrically enlarged.  If the loop antennae becomes resonate with wave cancellling at the antennae surface then the wave energy being cancelled is converted into the voltage needed to drive the loop.  The near field of the loop antennae driving the output of the circuits while the radiated waves from the loop acting as the field excitation.
« Last Edit: August 21, 2009, 06:58:18 PM by sparks »

BEP

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #85 on: August 21, 2009, 07:13:28 PM »
@Grumpy

On your 'getting to the point' question, yes, it is. It just hasn't been very productive for me yet.

My current beast can be fed with sine or pulses of almost any shape, on the continuous overwrap, and it will output a very small DC (so far about 1.2V) with single polarity hash as much as 300V.

You apply a load and the hash goes away.

The tuning of the signal has more to do with pulse width than frequency. The overwrap is bifilar opposing, basically a Rogowski coil. The return wire, for the Rogowski coil, is what most call the collector.

The difficult part is making the pulse fit within the length of that coil. 
The control coils are actually one wire to make four segments over the overwrap. The turn direction of these coils alternate.

The idea is to 'truely' simulate what goes on around a DC current wire. Not only is rotation required but also vertical direction. I liken it to a swallowing action. This is why three or more collectors should be used. With one you only have constriction and relaxation. Two, you have direction but it only alternates. Three, you can control vertical direction.

We must create all the activity found around a wire or we have nothing.

There must be charge moving the correct way. The mag field, likewise. Only then can we expect vertical current movement(see ampprobe video).

Once that happens the Rogoski coils become feed and source. After all, they are a constant voltage source.

We certainly don't want to create anything but this vertical current. If harmonics are there they must be part of the simulation in order to create the root event, only.


Grumpy

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #86 on: August 21, 2009, 10:24:19 PM »
BEP

We are moving in the right direction by trying to simulate what occurs around a conductor as a means to induce current flow in the conductor.

Look at the Wilson Effect (Wilson-Wilson Effect with a rotating dielectric - not the solar effect) - replace the rotating dielectric with a rotating region of displacement current, be sure to include the static magnetic field since the rotating region will spin couple to the static magnetic field which will increase the energy of the region (I don't like the word field for this).  This is the same as coupling to the earth mag field but adjustable and more stable.  Output is same as the Wilson Experiment - plates top  and bottom.

See, just like charging a capacitor (the output plates) there is a displacement current between the plates.  Our region is constantly changing, so the plates are continuously charged so to speak.

Now, how do we create the displacement current region and rotate it?


sparks

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #87 on: August 21, 2009, 10:49:02 PM »
There may be a few of us that are lost so I offer this explanation as to what a displacement current is.  The magnetic field responds to two types of currents one is from moving charge carriers and the other from virtual particles flowing in a polidial electric field.  The sum of these two gives us the magnetic field distortion about a conductor.  If we put a compass between two charging capacitor plates it will show a current until the capacitor charging stops changing the q state of the plates. The magnetic field appears to be displaced inside the field between the capacitor plates.  This magnetic field is generated not by charge carrier movement but by the change in the polarization of the dielectric field between the plates.  The crossection of a conductor can be viewed as a capacitor plate.  As the q of the crossection changes very quickly or the termination voltage rises this displacement current precedes any electron or positron movement.

sparks

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #88 on: August 22, 2009, 01:59:26 AM »
   Interesting question Loner.  If solar coronal mass transfer coming from the sun slapping into magnetosphere causes a compression of the magnetosphere the ions in the ionosphere will now accelerate or spiral along moving field lines.  This disruption causes a change in the electric field between Earth's surface and the ionsophere.  Just one field change I can think of that would charge or discharge the Earth to atmosphere q state.

giantkiller

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Re: Back to Basics
« Reply #89 on: August 22, 2009, 03:20:22 AM »
This fits some parameters:
Quote
Since a Rogowski coil has an air core rather than an iron core, it has a low inductance and can respond to fast-changing currents. Also, because it has no iron core to saturate, it is highly linear even when subjected to large currents, such as those used in electric power transmission, welding, or pulsed power applications. A correctly formed Rogowski coil, with equally spaced windings, is largely immune to electromagnetic interference.