@TinselKoala
Thanks for help! :-)

Arduino UNO R3
Other sketches do well

errors:
sketch_jun24a:17: error: 'prog_uchar' does not name a type
In file included from sketch_jun24a.ino:11:0:
sketch_jun24a.ino: In function 'void __vector_9()':
sketch_jun24a:133: error: 'sine256' was not declared in this scope
sketch_jun24a:134: error: 'sine256' was not declared in this scope
'prog_uchar' does not name a type

Seems to refer to this line:
                   PROGMEM  prog_uchar sine256[]  = {


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The output is not expected to produce sine wave directly at Arduino pins. It is designed to act similarly to a SMPS.
The primaries will get a diode in parallel and they will integrate the variable PWM signals to a sine current. And while current is directly proportional to flux we will get a sine shaped flux.
So the question is regarding your setup: Do you see at scope the pulse width changing (OK) or are pulses stable (wrong)?

Thanks for help. I will try it ASAP. My installation IDE 1.6.5
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Your report indicates: the sketch seems to work correctly at your setup. If you drive FETs with those signals and put at each inductance a diode in parallel (kathode to + / anode to FET) - then you have your Figuera drive perfect.

You should know that Figuera mechanic wave form generator did not generate sine but half sines: see my post #2248. It is a true simulation of the original circuit.
But with Arduino we can check all possible wave forms by changing the contents of the array.

@bajac:
Well, this line in sketch works well for compling:

const byte sine256[] PROGMEM = {

Is there any issue to apply it?

.....................
Core shape:
- Wondering on why you have no primary coils at outer limbs of your core!

- As core permeability is 1000fold compared to the air gaps (like 1kOhm to 1 Ohm) the influence of core might be minute.
The flux from primaries operates the center limb asymmetrically while Lenz backlash hits primaries symmetrically both outer limbs. But one primary is just increasing in flux and the other one is just decreasing in flux.That  might be the clue we search for. (Just an idea I want to look at if I have my setup running.)

-I will compose it of cut transformer segments like posted recently.
A three phase transformer needs to be cut 4 times only (left/right + top / bottom around the center limb.

- What Figuera does not mention: if he used bi(multi)filar windigns at primaries. Did anybody try this? Hints from Ramaswami indicate to look at this detail.

@bajac:
Well, this line in sketch works well for compling:

const byte sine256[] PROGMEM = {

Is there any issue to apply it?

(snip)

That change works for me, without errors. The program appears to function correctly,  just as before.


NOTE: The problem seems to be that the data type "prog_uchar" has been deprecated in the later versions of the IDE, it is no longer included in the AVR library.

Google "arduino prog_uchar" and you will find lots of links from people encountering similar problems, with explanations.


ETA: Here's a scopeshot showing the sinusoidal variation in pulse width, of the Pin 11 output. I've got the thing set to the maximum frequency here, which is about 1020 Hz.

TinselKoala
Thanks! You are right. My nano runs fine along IDE 1.0.6. I refused to update the IDE at this PC
Would you please post your extended program?

To give Phase control: Add another potentiometer, connect wiper to Pin A1. Both Phase and Frequency potentiometer values can be 100K or other.

In the sketch, in loop() add the line
offset=(map(analogRead(A1), 0,1023,0,127));

You may need to experiment with the values in the map statement. There may be better ways to do this, I'm still experimenting.

I have seen the comments of Hanon..The last Patent of BuForn as we found was the most efficient or best mode of operation of the device.

I'm fairly ignorant and so If I make mistakes it may please be ignored. I'm really not able to understand much of the discussion here.

As I understand electricity is induced when a conductor is subjected to a time varying magnetic field. The time varying magnetic field can be a rotating magnetic field without the core moving as in transformers or by rotating the magnet as in Dynamos and alternators and turbines. Figuera device used a Motionless rotating magnetic field.

As I see it Figuera device used a pulsed DC current input. The positive was split in two halves.. One was made to enter the N magnets from the left hand side as I type it and move towards the right hand side. The other positive was made to enter the S magnets to enter on the right hand side as I type this and to move towards the left hand side.

Our understanding is one was wound CW and other was wound CCW but current was given in one to move from inner to outer and in the other to move from outer to inner. We further understand that the strength of the magnets from N1 to N7 were decreasing while the strength of the magnets from S1 to S7 were increasing. Simply if N1 is the strongest amont N magnets S1 was the weakest among S magnets and so due to this kind of increasing and decreasing magnetic field flux was produced in the center which is between opposite poles and so is immune from Lenz law and the combination of the voltages resulted in the large output reported while the usage of the multifilar coils reduce the current flow to minimum but increased the magnetic field.

I'm not able to understand how my learned friends here can say that they would small cores and would give pulsed DC current to it in 9 amps or 10 amps..What is the voltage you are going to use? What is the number of turns? What is the magnetic field strength you are going to create to make an impact on the central secondary?

Please see here to calculate the Magnetic field strength of a solenoid..

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/solenoid.html

As we have seen using pulsed DC requires 4 times the wire needed for the same amount of AC wattage. Similarly if you are using Pulsed DC iron gets saturated almost immediately and makes a roaring noise and that can be avoided only by increasing the core size.

I'm not even sure if the learned friends here have used Pulsed DC to create electromagnets..I started without knowing what is Voltage and what is amperage and then I learnt that the weakness is not knowing how to make magnets and so I have learnt to make permanent magnets and electromagnets and I have used DC. Pulsed DC and AC all..Pulsed DC is a beast..It requires massive amount of iron to avoid saturating the core and I do not know if the learned friends who tell me that I do not understand that things can be miniaturized have created electromagnets using pulsed DC..

My understanding is that Figuera has used about 100 watts input and generated about 20000 watts output. My further understanding is that he used pulsed DC whether it is half wave, full wave, interrupted DC..Whatever be the wave form, pulsed DC would require 4 times the same amount of iron and coils that AC requires to avoid saturation.

If iron gets saturated it gets very hot and the system cannot continue. You need to stop. To avoid that if pulsed DC is used large quantity of iron is needed. I could not afford the iron and coils and so elected to use AC and used a large single coil..

I had been criticized for using a large single coil but the advantage in AC is current goes like this ----> 50 times a second and then at the same time it goes like this  <----  50 times every second. So in my coils P1 and P2 alternate in strength every second and the variation in magnetic flux takes place.

If we are to use Pulsed DC P1 will remain stronger always and you need to use multiple large iron cores and the purpose of spliting the positive was to make alternating stronger and weaker iron cores. The patent is very clear. The experience teaches me that without massive quanity of iron and coils that I cannot afford pulsed DC cannot be used.

It is not clear to me how my learned friends are going to defy this nature of electricity and come up with a small device that will replicate the performance of Figuera..I'm really not able to figure it out..Of course my knowledge on electronics is zero. My mentor Patrick Kelly literally tried to hit electronics in to my head with a Hammer and Nail but it would not go in and gave up..But I do not understand what Electronics has to do with generation of Electricity..Really confused here..Please guide..

Hi RandyFL and All.
The "ghost trace" from Woopy's video is the BEMF of the output coil finding an alternate flux path to close the magnetic loop, and it is not through the EMF core side but the other one that is inactive hence the ghost.
My progress is slow with experiments as the parts, cores etc are quite expensive and I cannot afford frying mosfets. Plus, I am running several projects in parallel. Some times I get distracted for months with something completely diffrent and thera times where I'm just lazy.

Hello All,

kEhYo77,
So basically what you're stating is... All the energy that has been used and produced is accounted for...the secondary s are receiving the Bemf. That if the primaries are/were wound with 16 awg magnet wire and the secondary s were wound with 14awg magnet wire there wouldn't be large copious amounts of free energy.

Cheers