...Now, there is a vast difference between these two, the electromagnetic and current energies.  That A which goes out in the form of rays, is, as I have indicated here, unrecoverable, hopelessly lost.  You can operate a little instrument by catching a billionth part of it but, except this, all goes out into space never to return.  This other energy, however, of the current in the globe, is stored and completely recoverable.  Theoretically, it does not take much effort to maintain the earth in electrical vibration.  I have, in fact, worked out a plant of 10,000 horse-power which would operate with no bigger loss than 1 percent of the whole power applied; that is, with the exception of the frictional energy that is consumed in the rotation of the engines and the heating of the conductors, I would not lose more than 1 percent.  In other words, if I have a 10,000 horsepower plant, it would take only 100 horsepower to keep the earth vibrating so long as there is no energy taken out at any other place

...Suppose that the earth were an elastic bag filled with water.  My transmitter is equivalent to a pump.  I put it on a point of the globe, and work my little piston so as to create a disturbance of that water.  If the piston moves slowly, so that the time is long enough for the disturbance to spread over the globe, then what will be the result of my working this pump? The result will be that the bag will expand and contract rhythmically with the motions of the piston, you see.  So that, at any point of that bag, there will be a rhythmical movement due to the pulsations of the pump.

That is only, however, when the period is long.  If I were to work this pump very rapidly, then I would create impulses, and the ripples would spread in circles over the surface of the globe.  The globe will no longer expand and contract in its entirety, but it will be subject to these outgoing, rippling waves.

Remember, now, that the water is incompressible, that the bag is perfectly elastic, that there are no hysteretic losses in the bag due to these expansions and contractions; and remember also, that there is a vacuum, in infinite space, so that the energy cannot be lost in waves of sound.  Then, if I put at a distant point another little pump, and tune it to the rhythmical pulses of the pump at the central plant, I will excite strong vibrations and will recover power from them, sufficient to operate a receiver.  But, if I have no pump there to receive these oscillations, if there is nowhere a place where this elastic energy is transferred into frictional energy (we always use in our devices frictional energy -- everything is lost through friction), then there is no loss, and if I have a plant of 1,000 horsepower and I operate it to full capacity, that plant does not take power, it runs idle, exactly as the plant at Niagara.  If I do not put any motors or any lamps on the circuit, the plant runs idle.  There is a 5,000 horsepower turbine going, but no power is supplied to the turbine except such power as is necessary to overcome the frictional losses.

Now the vast difference between the scheme of radio engineers and my scheme is this.  If you generate electromagnetic waves with a plant of 1,000 horsepower, you are using 1,000 horsepower right along -- whether there is any receiving being done or not.  You have to supply this 1,000 horsepower, exactly as you have to supply coal to keep your stove going, or else no heat goes out.  That is the vast difference.  In my case, I conserve the energy; in the other case, the energy is all lost.

I see now that Tesla words can be deciphered in two ways :
- standard : Earth is metallic ball like conductor, any current generated in power plant  is passed by conduction and fully recoverable , in opposite to EM radiation
- new look: Earth by magnetic field is connected to the "wheelwork of nature" and any power plant generating current passed to Earth is a disturbance of that field/connection, the receiver is then only transductor while energy source is Earth magnetic field and beyond


"Then, if I put at a distant point another little pump, and tune it to the rhythmical pulses of the pump at the central plant, I will excite strong vibrations and will recover power from them, sufficient to operate a receiver."

[See Nikola Tesla: Colorado Springs Notes, page 324, Photograph III.]

FIG. 6. PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEW OF THE ESSENTIAL PARTS OF THE ELECTRICAL OSCILLATOR USED IN THE EXPERIMENTS DESCRIBED

I had arrived at the limit of rates obtainable in other ways when the happy idea presented itself to me to resort to the condenser.  I arranged such an instrument so as to be charged and discharged alternately in rapid succession through a coil with a few turns of stout wire, forming the primary of a transformer or induction-coil.  Each time the condenser was discharged the current would quiver in the primary wire and induce corresponding oscillations in the secondary.  Thus a transformer or induction-coil on new principles was evolved, which I have called "the electrical oscillator," partaking of those unique qualities which characterize the condenser, and enabling results to be attained impossible by other means.  Electrical effects of any desired character and of intensities undreamed of before are now easily producible by perfected apparatus of this kind, to which frequent reference has been made, and the essential parts of which are shown in Fig. 6. For certain purposes a strong inductive effect is required; for others the greatest possible suddenness; for others again, an exceptionally high rate of vibration or extreme pressure; while for certain other objects immense electrical movements are necessary.  The photographs in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, of experiments performed with such an oscillator, may serve to illustrate some of these features and convey an idea of the magnitude of the effects actually produced.  The completeness of the titles of the figures referred to makes a further description of them unnecessary.

You don't understand. Something can be static like a mount or steady state like waterfall. Both can pass disturbance in the same manner, but only the second has hidden and usable potential.
If magnetic field is static then our  hope is in vain but if it's steady state then we have a possibility to extract energy from disturbance and that energy is not going from initial power source.
if Earth magnetic field is part of wheelwork of nature then we will can disturb it and exatract energy not from source power plant but from ambient source.

  A is neither created nor destroyed but it can be focused or magnified.  The below diagram takes a thermodynamic flow from hot to cold and changes it to oscillating mass movement.  The energy flow through the system is unidirectional but the effect on mass is not.  The gas valve in this diagram could be operated at very high frequency allowing for an alternating flow of the liquid driven by a unidirectional flow of energy.  By  capturing the head pressure in the cold resevoir we double the efficiency of the system.  If the liquid just went through the turbine and then was released to the atmosphere the return stroke work would not be performed. 

There is one sentence Tesla wrote that may shed some light if the receivers consume or does not consume from the plant he keeps the Earth in vibration with:
In other words, if I have a 10,000 horsepower plant, it would take only 100 horsepower to keep the earth vibrating so long as there is no energy taken out at any other place.

How did he mean it? if I take out energy from the vibration by my receivers, then I have to supply more at my transmitter site to make up for it?
My present understanding is that I have to...

You don't understand it do you? Plant of 10 000 horse power (or 7,5MW) is power in secondary of TC because that is output from plant! You have minimum and maximum available power in secondary of TC. Tesla is talking that you have to design your TC that it will be able to give at least 100 horse power, so to keep Earth in vibration! If you connect receivers , TC will automaticaly self-adjust to give more energy.
Tesla used bigger coils with bigger wire diameter and bigger coil diameter, that is why he had so big available energy. Just go and calculate your small TC, be happy if you get 100 horse power to keep Earth in vibration

Hi Delboy,

Thanks for returning to this topic. I understood it because I also wrote I had to supply more power to the transmitter (i.e. TC) if somewhere on Earth receivers were switched on to tap the Earth vibration.
You wrote (I made in bold letters above) if energy is received i.e. taken from the vibration, then the TC will give automatically more energy.
Now please explain where this more energy comes from? Do I have to pump it into the TC so that it should make up for the Earth vibrational energy tapped by the receivers? The more receivers are in operation, the more input energy I have to enter into the TC? 
This is the question I have not found an answer from Tesla's writings.

Thanks,  Gyula

Hey Gyula,
Tesla said that current energy is not wasted like radio waves, it is accumulated!  That it same thing like electron paradox, electron is constantly radiating electric field with speed of light, so where the hell is getting energy from? Tesla made TC so he could accumulate this energy to some max level, depending on circuit design. Just look how his receivers work, they are not source-load dependent like clasical circuit, it is longitudinal design, they do not disturb resonance effect, you have not even read it
TC is like electric field pump, it is making electrons move in all directions from place where ground connection is (about 50kHz) and high voltage is because you want high voltage per 1 meter of length! See the connection of receivers. Both plates on receiver are connected into the ground! and condenser is charged by some switches and discharged into load!
You asked about overunity , let me tell you that it is based on amplification factor in secondar, Q factor! You are inputing 100 kW from primary, transfer to secondary 95 kW (standaard loosses in every transfomer), you are inputing 50kV , and geting 45kV and that 45 is amplified Q times , it can be that Q=100, you will get 4,5 MV. Power will be much bigger, P=C*F*U*U
C=capacity of top-load of TC, F= resonant frequency of secondary, and U = max voltage on secondary, for example let it be C=100pF, F=50kHz, and U = 4,5MV oscilating power will be about 10MW ! For this design you will have about 3000 V/m !
 Amplification comes from open RLC circuit resonance. I need big oscillating power, big oscilating E field that will disturb electrons in ground and create enogh voltage per meter to pick it up by receiver longitudinaly so not to disturb resonance effect in transmitter. I do not know better explanation

Hi everybody,

To understand TC you have to admit that there is some amplification going on. In standard closed RLC circuit there is amplification in resonance, you can even calculate it how big it is, energy is bouncing back and forth between L and C , but you can not use it on ordinary way, because as soon as you atach your load (serial or parallel) you are killing the resonance effect, and no more amplification!
In open RLC there is still amplification going on, but this time huge reactive energy is used to bounce electrons in Earth, and to create enough high voltage per length, to pick it up by receiver.
How to pick it up? Well Tesla said that there are receivers and one of them is transversal and one is longitudinal. First one would be for industrial purpose and second one for home use.
To better understand voltage per length, think about this, in our electric network there is voltage for example 380kV  but frequency is so low (50Hz) that voltage per length is only 0,25V/m but Tesla recommended higher frequency about 50kHz (and not 1MHz because radiation) so if you have 380kV on TC with 50kHz you will have 250 V/m and that is enough for receiver.
If you go step further, you have 250V, 50KHz as source for load, think about that for example how big capacitor you need to filter that to get pure DC?? Yes, very small one for example 50uF, no more 10000uF Tesla always runned away from big expensive capacitors!

Thanks

hi everyone!.......a question about his magnifying transmitter...i read that in his diary, he noted that he saw distortions, dark bands etc. after using his transmitter....does anyone know if any photographs exist of those things that he was seeing?......the reason i ask is that i have built a device that i believe emits that very same thing except without the high voltage, well without any voltage....i have a thread in the half baked section,a new kind of visible radiant energy?.....you might want to check out..   http://www.overunity.com/index.php?topic=9603.msg252795#msg252795    thanks for letting me post....david