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Author Topic: SELF ACCELERATING Generator w/ VIDEO @ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vaf9v0K-rZw  (Read 9762 times)

notaspicegirl

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Dear All,

Please find enclosed Draft 1 of the Perepiteia Generator Explanation as it pertains to high voltage coil eddy current effects and how the Perepiteia Generator is able to violate the Law of Conservation of Energy.

The entire paper w/ diagrams can be found here:
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=TOQP60AO

Cheers
Thane


Perepiteia Generator Operation Explanation ? Draft 1 ? June 20th, 2008
High Voltage Coil Eddy Current Effects


Thane C. Heins

Introduction

The Perepiteia Generator employs high voltage coils to counteract the effects associated with Lenz?s Law and the Law of Conservation of Energy. Whereas a conventional generator high current coil design causes the prime mover to decelerate under load ? the Perepiteia high voltage coil design causes the prime mover to accelerate. If high current and high voltage coils are employed simultaneously, the acceleration provided by the high voltage coils can completely eliminate Lenz?s Law (deceleration) effects and even provide additional acceleration despite high current coil loading.

This paper is intended to explain (only) one aspect of how this acceleration may be occurring with respect to how high voltage wire eddy currents affect the coils ability to produce an induced magnetic field as dictated by Lenz?s Law. There of course are other possible reasons for the observed acceleration (including core loss reduction) which will be dealt with in greater detail at another time.

Basic Observations, Critical Minimum Rotor Speed/Frequency

Conventional generators employ low gauge ? high current (HC) wire to reduce losses associated with resistance and eddy currents.  Figure 1 shows how current is distributed through a typical HC coil. The current flows evenly throughout the entire conductor and the induced magnetic field emanates out in a radially symmetrical pattern.

The high voltage coil (HV) in Figure 2 on the other hand shows what happens in the HV coil as the rotor speed exceeds the critical minimum velocity.

Rotor Speed Critical Minimum Velocity

Above a certain rotor speed or frequency the HV coils
cause system acceleration in violation of Lenz?s Law.

Below this rotor RPM or frequency the HV coils act in
accordance with Lenz?s Law and cause the system
to decelerate under load.

The question is why?
What occurs as frequency rises to
change the coils? performance?

High Frequency Eddy Current Effects in HV Conductors

When the generator rotor speed exceeds the coil?s critical minimum frequency the current in the coil undergoes a transformation from Figure 1 performance to Figure 2. The dashed lines represent the uniform low frequency current distribution as seen in Figure 1. When this current changes rapidly, as it will at higher frequencies, the flux within the wire must also change rapidly. The changing flux induces a voltage loop, or eddy, as shown by the solid lines near the wire surface. Since this induced voltage is within the conductor, it causes an eddy current coincident with the voltage. Note how this eddy current reinforces the main current flow at the surface but opposes it towards the centre of the wire. [1]

The result is that as frequency rises in the HV wire, the current density increases at the conductor surface and decreases toward zero at the centre. The current tails off exponentially within the conductor. [2] Although the current density tails off exponentially from the surface, the high frequency resistance and loss is the same as if the current density were constant from the surface to the penetration depth. [3]

If a rapidly rising current is applied to the HV wire, the voltage across the wire is quite large, mostly across Lx ( Lx is the inductance of the wire at high frequencies). Internal inductance ( Li ) blocks the current from the wire interior forcing it to flow at the surface.  (Inductance is a measure of an electrical circuit?s ability to store magnetic energy). [4] This fast rising current distribution distortion, affects the HV coils ability to produce a magnetic field in accordance with Lenz?s Law because the magnetic field time interval is delayed slightly and current distribution is not uniform throughout the HV conductor. This differs from the HV coil?s high gauge HC coil counterpart which produces a magnetic field unhampered by excessive eddy current influences and complies with Lenz?s Law.

At low frequencies (and with HC conductors) the reactance of the internal inductance Li is negligible compared to Ri (Ri is the wire resistance, distributed through the wire from surface to centre [5]). Current flow is uniform throughout the wire and resistance is minimum. However with HV conductors, current flow will be greatest at the surface, tailing off exponentially toward the centre. Penetration depth (skin depth) is clearly relevant in the frequency domain and in the wire gauge domain. At any increased frequency or wire gauge, the penetration depth reveals the percentage of wire area that is effectively conducting current uniformly ? and likewise producing a uniform magnetic field. [6]

Conservation of Energy

At any moment of time, the current within the conductors and the resultant magnetic field are distributed so as to minimize the energy dissipated. In other words, uniform conductor current distribution and radially symmetrical magnetic field propagation is the ?preferred? scenario. 

When the critical minimum frequency is exceeded the HV coil internal eddy current effects take over and coil?s ability to produce a uniform external magnetic field is diminished.  Energy is gradually transferred from the magnetic field into the eddy current voltage loops as the HV current is pushed to the exterior regions of the HV conductor and held there as long as the external influence (rotating magnetic field) is in effect and is applying the force required.  If the externally applied and excessively quickly changing magnetic field were removed or reduced slightly (to below the critical minimum) the HV conductor current would have no reason to be pushed to the exterior and it would redistribute itself throughout the wire evenly ? and once again produce a uniform magnetic field in accordance with Lenz?s Law.

Removal of Externally Influencing Magnetic Field

Figures 3 through 6 below show what happens when a magnet approaches a HC coil and a HV coil at a frequency that is above the critical minimum. The HC coil stores energy in the external magnetic field and the HV coil stores energy in the eddy current voltage loops.

At Figure 5 the magnet is neither approaching nor receding from the coil and for a brief moment in time the current in the conductor stops flowing. This is the moment just prior to the current changing direction in the conductor where frequency = 0 (clearly below critical minimum frequency).  At this precise moment there is nothing holding the eddy currents in place the HV coil and the currents redistribute themselves throughout the conductor.
 
When this HV conductor current redistribution occurs it once again acts like a conventional coil and brings with it a magnetic field according to Lenz?s Law which begins to push on the now just receding magnet (rotation which is aided by the prime mover). As the HV conductor?s internal inductance is released - its stored energy is also released and it produces a magnetic field of increasing magnitude pushing away on the receding ?North Pole? magnet while simultaneously attracting the rotor?s approaching ?South Pole?. 

In this manner the HC coils add to the torque supplied by the prime mover and reduce power required to work against the HC coil counter-torque as dictated by Lenz?s Law and the Law of Conservation of Energy.

This may be one reason why in the Full Speed Test Data below, why the Perepiteia Generator is capable of supplying power to the load with a decrease in prime mover input rather than a Law of Conservation of Energy required increase.   

References

[1] ? [6]
Lloyd H. Dixon Jr.
Eddy Current Losses in Transformer Windings and Circuit Wiring
Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments Incorporated.
http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/slup197/slup197.pdf

YouTube Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vaf9v0K-rZw

Additional Information: thane_heins@yahoo.ca, kcunningham@OCRI.ca
« Last Edit: June 21, 2008, 06:10:19 PM by notaspicegirl »

LarryC

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Please find enclosed Draft 1 of the Perepiteia Generator Explanation as it pertains to high voltage coil eddy current effects and how the Perepiteia Generator is able to violate the Law of Conservation of Energy.

The entire paper w/ diagrams can be found here:
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=TOQP60AO

Congrats, well written and easy to understand. 

Another good proof of your theory would be to place HC air coils just off the back end of each core/coil type and show them both on the oscilloscope at the same time. Include that in the doc and it would eliminate any doubt and maybe some skeptics.

Regards, Larry

PS: Check the description on Figure 2 -
       I can hear restless toads hoppings and Thanemanian Devils in the background.


notaspicegirl

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Congrats, well written and easy to understand. 

Another good proof of your theory would be to place HC air coils just off the back end of each core/coil type and show them both on the oscilloscope at the same time. Include that in the doc and it would eliminate any doubt and maybe some skeptics.

Regards, Larry

PS: Check the description on Figure 2 -
       I can hear restless toads hoppings and Thanemanian Devils in the background.

ACTUALLY LARRY - YOU GAVE ME THE IDEA TO LOOK INTO EDDY CURRENTS IN HIGHER GAUGE WIRE - WHEN YOU POSTED YOUR DECELERATION TIMES.

WE WILL BE POSTING OSCILLOSCOPE WAVEFORMS SOON - WE DID NOT GET AROUND TO IT LAST WEEK.

ALSO WE ARE NOW WINDING THE HV COILS DIRECTLY ON TOP OF THE HC COILS TO FURTHER REDUCE CORE LOSSES.

CHEERS
Thane

JustMe

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Diagrams, as requested:

CRANKYpants

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THERE IS AN ARTICLE IN THE CANADIAN BUSINESS MAGAZINE'S "SPECIAL SUMMER INNOVATION ISSUE" WHICH PROFILES THE PEREPITEIA GENERATOR FOR THEIR SECOND GREAT CANADIAN INVENTION COMPETITION.

CHEERS
Thane

CRANKYpants

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HERE A LINK TO THE LATEST YOUTUBE VIDEO OF THE PEREPITEIA GENERATOR WITH THE NEW COIL DESIGN.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmFbINO0dCU

CHEERS
Thane