The three frequency's MUST BE mixed in a TUBE AMP or MIXER of some sort, and then INPUT into the collectors...

Voltage required will most certainly be 350 or higher.

@Bruce_TPU,
this somewhat differs from what Steven said in his letters. He writes about his first device made from three tube generators coupled to tube amplifiers (obviously, three also). This makes me think that mixing wasn't done in those amps. Or maybe this is not so important?

SM also mentions that amps are 2-staged with 6AS7G output. Wide bandwidth, low noise. All this points to a pure class A single-ended OTL. It means that 350V is beyond this tube's limit in most cases.

Anyway, thanks for your insight about those carrier freqs. Sounds like you're pretty sure about that. It would be very nice to see the math...

@Bruce_TPU,
this somewhat differs from what Steven said in his letters. He writes about his first device made from three tube generators coupled to tube amplifiers (obviously, three also). This makes me think that mixing wasn't done in those amps. Or maybe this is not so important?

SM also mentions that amps are 2-staged with 6AS7G output. Wide bandwidth, low noise. All this points to a pure class A single-ended OTL. It means that 350V is beyond this tube's limit in most cases.

Anyway, thanks for your insight about those carrier freqs. Sounds like you're pretty sure about that. It would be very nice to see the math...

Please give the exact quote and source of this.  None of that is in the compiled letters of SM and in the .PDF released from Mannix.

@Bruce_TPU

I don't know about all these frequencies. Usually a theory should be consistent throughout all the TPU builds and I just can't see all this happening in the ftpu, otpu, stpu and 6tpu(s) (@BEP yes there are more then one) lol. But what do I know.

350 volts is about the level of a vacuum tube output.

@all

@Bruce_TPU just said "ALL POWER SOURCES from Batteries only."

JUST LEARNED THIS THE HARD WAY.

I just blew my HP 214B Pulse Generator. Found a resistor toasted, ran out to get one 237k but found only a 240k, changed it, but still no go. That is about the limit of my EE acumen to fix it. Shit. I had just finished preparing my next TPU test with just a first ring and outer coil and toroid. Connected it to the pulse generator and boom. It blew. It was preset at around 2mhz when I put it on and boom.

If anyone knows anything about these pulse generators, the resistor is R508 (237k) and you can see it on pages 108 and 112 of my manual located here.
http://purco.qc.ca/ftp/Equipment%20Manuals/214B%20HP%20Pulse%20Generator/00214-90012.pdf

I don't know if this is just coincidental or not. Man I have pulsed so many wicked things and it never blew or gave me any trouble. Just connected to this and it blew in half a second.

Well I guess I am back to using a Mosfet again and my frequency generator again. Noooooooooooooooo. Hmmmmmm. Wonder if it will blow also or maybe I should just use a battery and magnet quenched reed switch to start really small. I wanted to do these tests before I posted my theory of TPU operation. It is so simple. Maybe I should not wait and just put it out there. The basic simple premise is sound and I have at least confirmed the basic requirement on the bench. The theory may not be 100% but I am sure it will help you guys cross the barrier with your great EE know how.

When I simply pulse it manually on 4.5 vdc (power supply) I can feel the copper ring react even though it is wound over with a control coil (or whatever). Very surprised I must say. Actually not really surprised given the fact that this is expected under the circumstances.

Intermodulation to produce the harmonics, simply requires the three CORRECT frequencies and a piece of wire.  The shape and sizes and power produced by all the different TPU's differ, but the main ingredient of three freqs mixed to produce the intermodulation would be the same.  Also true of the pulsed DC. 

The source (three freqs) produce the feed (intermodulation of said signals), this feed is then rectified, fed back to the outer loop as pulsed DC, which then becomes the output.

(Study INTERMODULATION)

(study intermodulation)

(study intermodulation).

Are you suggesting that we should study intermodulation? 

From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermodulation: Passive intermodulation

As explained in a previous section, intermodulation can only occur in non-linear systems. Non-linear systems are generally composed of active components, meaning that the components must be biased with an external power source which is not the input signal (i.e. the active components must be "turned on"). However, even passive components can perform in a non-linear manner and cause intermodulation. Diodes are widely known for their passive nonlinear effects, but parasitic nonlinearity can arise in other components as well. For example, audio transformers exhibit non-linear behavior near their saturation point, electrolytic capacitors can start to behave as rectifiers under large-signal conditions, and RF connectors and antennas can exhibit non-linear characteristics. Even the air itself can behave in a non-linear fashion, which can be exploited to produce audible sound from intermodulation of ultrasonic frequencies.

Passive intermodulation (PIM) occurs in passive systems (i.e. the input signal is the only source of energy to the system) when the input signal is very high power, and the system consists of junctions of dis-similar metals or junctions of metals and oxides. These junctions effectively form diodes, which are non-linear. The higher the signal amplitude, the more pronounced the effect of the non-linearities, and the more prominent the intermodulation may occur, even though upon initial inspection, the system would appear to be linear and unable to generate intermodulations.

PIM can also occur in connectors, or when conductors made of two galvanically unmatched metals come in contact with each other.

Lots of interesting points here. If you follow the linked text "audible sound from intermodulation of ultrasonic frequencies" to here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_from_ultrasound

So what are the chances that Steven was attempting to achieve some 3d audio using something related to hypersonic sound.

From the wikipedia on intermodulation it seems that nonlinearity is required and I wonder if it is possible to achieve the required nonlinearity with those toroidal chokes whereby the chokes would be the L in an oscillator and also drive the control coils. A magnet place near the core could be used to tune to the appropriate nonlinearity on the BH curve.

Not quite sure where I'm going with this. Just some thoughts thrown into the mix.

Take care.

nap

Is there a correct picture how TPU is build ?

Sorry,
the repair of my notebook took a bit longer than I thought,
so now it is running again and here are the latest messages from Steven Mark,
that he agreed could be posted.
Please read from bottom to top:

Dear Stefan,
 
I've tried to hide the fact that materials are important but they crucial.  I mentioned to Lindsay that the material of the collector wire is critical, however we found that using the correct toroids works the same.  I belive my device works the way it does due to mechanical vibrations in my torroids which amplify the received energy in the main loops.  My larger TPU has coathanger iron wire inside, I belive a unique action occurs inside the iron.
 
Sincerely,
SM
 

 
On Sun, Aug 16, 2009 at 9:39 AM, Stefan Hartmann wrote:

    Hi Steven,
    many thanks for these infos.
    I guess using sine waves for the exiters would use more input power
    and are also harder to design.
    So Square or just pulse generators use less energy per pulse and
    are easier to build with a few CMOS gates or a 555 setup.

    Well, I know from making music and working in a recording studio
    in earlier times, that some certain crossmodulations from
    several tones can cause huge amplitudes in filters put behind the
    cross modulation circuits...So this is very interesting.


    One questions I still have.

    Did you ever use Iron wire in your TPUs or
    are they all working just fine with Copper wire only ?

    Many thanks.

    Regards, Stefan.
    ---




    Steven Mark wrote:

        Dear XXXXXX,
         I used only square wave in the beginning as it was easier to create them, as you know, once my device begins to resonate we only observed since waves.  I assume you can create the same effects by starting only with sine waves. What is more important to understand than the stimulating energy, is the frequency we are capturing.  Our devices work like radios, and we stimulate them with the square waves to cause a mixing of frequencies and one of the coils is tuned to one of these products.  it's realy simple to understand if you are familliar with radio theory. The coils you see are just receptor for the magnetic fluctuations, I belive they are called loop antennas, however, I like to think of them as huge inductive coils. I hope that helps you with your projects.
         Sincerely,
        SM




        On Sat, Aug 15, 2009 at 9:59 AM, XXXXX wrote:

           Dear Steven,

           Glad to see you felt well enough to post on the forum again!

           I understand you have signed an NDA and there are various interests
           that prefer you not to speak about your design.

           You once allowed us via Linsday to ask "certain questions" as long
           as they did not violate certain areas.

           I wonder, I have debated long and hard whether your device uses
           PULSES or SINEWAVES as the input control frequencies.  For a long
           time I thought pulses, however, due to your comments about pure
           signals that only tube signal generators can make, I now feel sine
           waves are the way, because pulses are anything put pure!

           Best regards,

           XXXXX.

Big inductor equals effective aperture.

--giantkiller.

@ALL

I agree with this.

Does anyone have any evidence that this SM is the real SM?

@Loner

I am still convinced the open TPU has a minimum of two tubes in it. There has been a lot of great work and effort to deduce the details of this one but I haven't seen any work that 'works'.

@Bruce

The way I see it the only time three frequencies is required is when you want to be rid of the magnets. Three will give you rotation direction control. Three is the only configuration that can consistently give you reverse group direction. aka. 'left hand rule', if you so choose.

BEP