Excerpt from page 152 of the magnet basics PDF.
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https://overunity.com/18511/floors-magnets-explained/dlattach/attach/175992/ beginning of the quote
In some circumstances, we find magnetic attractions are greater than repulsions. This is the case
when an unmagnetized or nearly unmagnetized iron object is attracted to a permanent magnet.
In some circumstances, two permanent magnets will stick together like face to like face, N to N or
S to S. This occurs when a powerful neodymium magnet is brought into proximity with a much
weaker ceramic type magnet. At a certain distance the magnets are powerfully repelled, but as
they are brought nearer, a sudden change occurs and the two magnets become attracted and
stick to each other, like pole to like pole.
Under other conditions, I have found a magnet's repulsion to be greater than attraction.
Using a permanent ceramic magnet at a fixed distance (15 inches) from the center of a magnetic compass. The magnet was orbited from due magnetic south of the compass to 50 degrees off,
in 9 increments of 5.5 degree while a single pole faced the compass. At each 5.5 degree
increments the needle deflection was noted. Average deflection by attraction was 2.2 degrees. Average deflection by repulsion was 4.6 degrees. The test was repeated using a similar magnet. The average deflections were 4.2 degrees by attraction and 8.6 by repulsion. The magnets each measure 3/8 by 7/8 by 1 7/8 inches. Poles are on the broad faces.
In yet other conditions the difference between attracting force and repelling force is negligible.
One cause of the difference between attractions and repulsions is as follows.
When two magnet are facing like pole to like pole, each magnet is exerting a force which is to
cause the magnetic domains in the other magnet to rotate toward a reversed polar direction.
So reversed, those domains would be aligned with the other magnet's polar orientation. If a domain within a magnet is completely reversed, that magnet is permanently damaged /
weakened.
If instead of a complete reversal of direction, only a partial deflection has occurred, then in the absence of the other magnet the domains may spring back to their original orientations and the magnet is unharmed.
end of the quote
edit / addition here
This might be described as if while at near distances, each magnet is acting to either,
de-magnetize or further magnetize the other magnet. Note this is a physical change in
the actual magnets their selves.
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A couple of other reasons for the difference.
1. Especially when using a magnet in which its N and S poles are near to one another
(example.. wafer magnets with N and S poles on the broad faces).
In interactions with another magnet, the wafer magnet's own N S poles may be nearer to one another than they are to either of the other magnet's poles. A SELF SHUNTING will cause the force
from the wafer magnet to diminish rapidly with distance.
If instead of a wafer magnet, a long bar magnet is interacting , (with its poles at the ends)
the magnetic force will diminish less rapidly with distance than in the case of the wafer magnet.
The force diminishment per change in distance from a long bar magnet can be surprisingly
gradual.
2. Back side faces of thin magnets may become interactive to other thin magnets at close magnet proximity.
For a demonstration see this vid @
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7f0md2That's all for now.
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floor