By "charge" we mean an electric field on the surface of the particle. The proton has a (+) electric field and the electron a (-) electric field.
The ARBITRARY decision to name the (+) and (-) of charges occured long before there
were any field theories which "explain" them.
Since opposite electric fields attract so must the particles because the electric field is attached to the particle.
Since opposite electric fields attracting is the arbitrary definition of opposite fields.
As well in the science literature some experiments replicated the "electric field effect". If two bodies oscillate at the same frequency in a tub of water they attract and if they oscillate 180 degrees out of phase they repel. Thus there is some evidence to suggest that an electric field is due to an oscillating particle disturbing the space (EM waves/radiation) around it. If one particle oscillates at a different rate than another this constitutes a phase shift just like two oscillating objects in water producing attraction/repulsion.
Is it not that ..
If two bodies oscillate at the same frequency in a tub of water (IN PHASE ?) they attract
and if
they oscillate (AT THE SAME FREQUENCY ?) 180 degrees out of phase they repel ?
So the universe is kind of like a sea of energy in a perfect vacuum in which all particle/bodies float.
Yea... the world is kind of like an apple whirling silently in space.
edit
Yea... the world is kind of like an apple whirling silently in space ?
Round, like a circle in a spiral
Like a wheel within a wheel
Never ending or beginning
On an ever spinning reel
Like a snowball down a mountain
Or a carnival balloon
Like a carousel that's turning
Running rings around the moon
Like a clock whose hands are sweeping
Past the minutes on it's face
And the world is like an apple
Whirling silently in space
Like the circles that you find
In the windmills of your mind
Like a tunnel that you follow
To a tunnel of it's own
Down a hollow to a cavern
Where the sun has never shone
Like a door that keeps revolving
In a half forgotten dream
Or the ripples from a pebble
Someone tosses in a stream
Like a clock whose hands are sweeping
Past the minutes on it's face
And the world is like an apple
Whirling silently in space
Like the circles that you find
In the windmills of your mind
Keys that jingle in your pocket
Words that jangle in your head
Why did summer go so quickly
Was it something that you said?
Lovers walking along the shore
Leave their footprints in the sand
Was the sound of distant drumming
Just the fingers of your hand?
Pictures hanging in a hallway
And a fragment of this song
Half remembered names and faces
But to whom do they belong?
When you knew that it was over
Were you suddenly aware
That the autumn leaves were turning
To the color of her hair
Like a circle in a spiral
Like a wheel within a wheel
Never ending or beginning
On an ever spinning reel
As the images unwind
Like the circles that you find
In the windmills of your mind
Pictures hanging in a hallway
And the fragment of this song
Half remembered names and faces
But to whom do they belong
When you knew that it was over
Were you suddenly aware
That the autumn leaves were turning
To the color of her hair
Like a circle in a spiral
Like a wheel within a wheel
Never ending or beginning
On an ever spinning reel
As the images unwind
Like the circles that you find
In the windmills of your mind
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=wind+mills+of+your+mind&t=ffab&iar=videos&iax=videos&ia=videos&iai=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DY8i9-LmUlkEand science IS cool !
PDF attached below
Best wishes
floor