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Electric vehicles => Electric cars => Topic started by: lancaIV on December 29, 2019, 03:47:18 PM
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https://www.ideaconnection.com/new-inventions/ree-electric-car-system-puts-the-motors-in-the-wheels-14939.html
For "house-in-a-container-box" mobility ...
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1969 ::) https://www.spiegel.de/auto/fahrkultur/toyota-ex-ii-von-1969-das-e-ei-a-28c11442-9f7a-481d-9111-63a999c3c530 (https://www.spiegel.de/auto/fahrkultur/toyota-ex-ii-von-1969-das-e-ei-a-28c11442-9f7a-481d-9111-63a999c3c530)
postpandemic modern 8) ;D ;)
Sincerely
:) CWL
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Popular Mechanics,July 1967
Garfield Wood ,e-platform for the Superelectric car
52 mph max. by 2x 2hp DC 90 Volt motors
450 pounds weight + battery
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https://gaiasolar.en.alibaba.com
A low cost sub-/urban city car : 3,75 €/Kg car weight price
Compared :
Xpeng P7 18,75 €/Kg weight price
Tesla S 44 €/Kg weight price
In cities with average velocities ≤ 40 Km-h and in future autonomous driving the price for such vehicles will be in common in the ≤ 10 €/Kg range and ≤ 1000 Kg/car weight !
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Here are wheel hubs. Take out the stub axle and bolt on the wheel (and a fair bit more):
http://www.cnqsmotor.com/en/article_read/QS%20MOTOR%20High%20power%2012kw%2024kw%2070H%20V3%20e%20car%20hub%20motor%20for%20100KPH%20Speed/275.html
It is limited to 62 mph. A gearing issue, I suppose.
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Good morning,
12 KW average and 24 KW peak power to 57 Kg : 1 KW peak /2,4 Kg ratio
Too fat and assuming heat problems by this case !
The Tesla cars have 1 KWp /0,2 Kg by 18000 rpm max ,compared newest Siemens 1 KWp/0,1 Kg !
When high rpm becomes common then I prefer the Ferreira electric motor , 2 x 5 KW peak power output and
2x 25 Watt per 50 km range consume !
The 1 Wh/Km ( only drive,without extra appliances like AC et cetera ) eLoremo will become reality !
But 18000 rpm peak means high friction , I calculate 3750 hours bearing life without surface treatment !
When we look for the Garwood electric car numbers this means 2 x 1,5 KW average and 2x 3 KW peak for
52 mph peak velocity = ≥ 80 Km-h ! Sufficient for City traffic !
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Pssst
Lanca....is this real or had problems ...?
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7592485/Father-eight-invents-electric-car-battery-drivers-1-500-miles-without-charging-it.html (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7592485/Father-eight-invents-electric-car-battery-drivers-1-500-miles-without-charging-it.html)
hope things are OK by you...
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Pssst
Lanca....is this real or had problems ...?
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7592485/Father-eight-invents-electric-car-battery-drivers-1-500-miles-without-charging-it.html (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7592485/Father-eight-invents-electric-car-battery-drivers-1-500-miles-without-charging-it.html)
hope things are OK by you...
This hyper link just goes to a newspaper advert it's not easy to get out of unless I delete that window.
It's an information fishing site.
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We don't have to wait for the West:
https://www.thebetterindia.com/212501/bengaluru-startup-log9-electric-vehicle-battery-charging-aluminum-fuel-cell-india-nor41/ (https://www.thebetterindia.com/212501/bengaluru-startup-log9-electric-vehicle-battery-charging-aluminum-fuel-cell-india-nor41/)
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ramset," summertime and the wind blows easy ,....." or Thanks God it is Friday :)
I hope for you that your life is also well !
I can confirm AlienGrey his site problems,about the information : I did notice it several months back !
Interestant the QS AC motor delivered data :
48 V 24 Km-h, 60 V 30 Km-h and 72 V 36 Km-h average velocity what would mean - linear calculated -
220 V 110 Km-h
The Garwood Superelectric DC motor car equipped : 90 Volts
But next QS motor " product description" data :
max. torque : 350 Nm for rated 12 KW ( in their list : 8 KW performance)! This is surprisingly low !
The Ferreira Cap-motor : up to 350 Volts ,
so for fast acceleration HV and/or HF is a need !
www.nedra.com/woodburn01.html (http://www.nedra.com/woodburn01.html) and archive.org : electriclouie electric drag racer
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Good morning,
12 KW average and 24 KW peak power to 57 Kg : 1 KW peak /2,4 Kg ratio
Too fat and assuming heat problems by this case !
They are usually water cooled but I can't see any pipes. It needs to be with 90% effy; there will be 1.2 - 2.4kw coming out of it. It would melt. Very easy conversion from petrol to LX.
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#10: or from petrol to 1 in-wheel or 2x in-wheel hybrid !
When the Arakelian 1 carbon part -7 hydrogen parts mix fuel means less 80% CO2,this 1 carbon part converting CO2 can become captured to 80-90% by car filter ,
so for a 2000 Euros - e-drive + CO2 filter- investment the car owner gets an economical and ecological solution !
In urban zone up to 40/45 Km-h full electric,outer zone " low carbon emission" !
When there is an eco-ratio :
conventional ic combustion 30 CO2 units consume/emission
electric car german all sources electricity 7,5 CO2 units consume/emission
electric car solar/wind/water source electricity 1,25 CO2 units consume/emission
30 CO2 units conventional fuel to 3,75 CO2 units Arakelian Hydro-fuel less 80% CO2 exhaust capture by CO2 filter
means 0,75 CO2 units consume/emission : cleaner then pure electric cars !
Btw : I have to correct my #9 view- point : 350 Nm for 8 to 12 KW electric input is a good torque value,dependent rpm !
Here I compare with the Victor Arestov (ASiPP) double winding modified e- motors ( www.dujunov.com (http://www.dujunov.com) ),whose is converting and improving e-bikes and e-cars velocity and drive range !
Another example :
Volkswagen Electric Dune Buggy : 201 hp ~ 309 Nm (228 lb-ft) electric motor
We have to notice : 8 to 12 KW and 350 Nm QS motor
versus 201 hp and 309 Nm VW motor
How do the car maker calculate the hp/KW ratio and KW/Nm ratio ?
Even when I take the austinev.org combustion engine hp to electric motor KW ratio I would get
201 hp (VW EDB) x 12,5/136 ( austinev.org ratio ) = 18,5 KW for this 309 Nm
' 1 horse power ~ 745,7 Watt ~ 745,7 Nm/s ' is something for the EE-"Kindergarten" ,not applicationable by different force kind variable devices !
The Tesla S P100D 967 Nm peak more with 45 KW to calculate than 450 KW ,Marketing/physics lever ratio !
And not 1 KW/0,2 Kg but 1 KW/2 Kg real world power -to-weight ratio !
45 KW ~ 450 Watth per 100 Kilometer ,very nearer the reality by 95% motor efficiency !
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#10: or from petrol to 1 in-wheel or 2x in-wheel hybrid !
When the Arakelian 1 carbon part -7 hydrogen parts mix fuel means less 80% CO2,this 1 carbon part converting CO2 can become captured to 80-90% by car filter ,
so for a 2000 Euros - e-drive + CO2 filter- investment the car owner gets an economical and ecological solution !
In urban zone up to 40/45 Km-h full electric,outer zone " low carbon emission" !
When there is an eco-ratio :
conventional ic combustion 30 CO2 units consume/emission
electric car german all sources electricity 7,5 CO2 units consume/emission
electric car solar/wind/water source electricity 1,25 CO2 units consume/emission
30 CO2 units conventional fuel to 3,75 CO2 units Arakelian Hydro-fuel less 80% CO2 exhaust capture by CO2 filter
means 0,75 CO2 units consume/emission : cleaner then pure electric cars !
Btw : I have to correct my #9 view- point : 350 Nm for 8 to 12 KW electric input is a good torque value,dependent rpm !
Here I compare with the Victor Arestov (ASiPP) double winding modified e- motors ( www.dujunov.com (http://www.dujunov.com) ),whose is converting and improving e-bikes and e-cars velocity and drive range !
Another example :
Volkswagen Electric Dune Buggy : 201 hp ~ 309 Nm (228 lb-ft) electric motor
We have to notice : 8 to 12 KW and 350 Nm QS motor
versus 201 hp and 309 Nm VW motor
How do the car maker calculate the hp/KW ratio and KW/Nm ratio ?
Even when I take the austinev.org combustion engine hp to electric motor KW ratio I would get
201 hp (VW EDB) x 12,5/136 ( austinev.org ratio ) = 18,5 KW for this 309 Nm
' 1 horse power ~ 745,7 Watt ~ 745,7 Nm/s ' is something for the EE-"Kindergarten" ,not applicationable by different force kind variable devices !
The Tesla S P100D 967 Nm peak more with 45 KW to calculate than 450 KW ,Marketing/physics lever rtio !
I don't know whether it is just me, Lanca, but I find your
posts very difficult to follow. This is a pity because I think
there is a large amount of valuable content.
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EE-"Kindergarten" car power : 50 hp ~ 50 x 745,7 W(att) = 37,3 rated KW
Autonomous Sub-/Urban shuttle bus : 50 hp ~ 50 x 12,5/136 x 10/4,5 ~ 1 rated electric KW per hour
12,5/136 : www.austinev.org (http://www.austinev.org) formula
10/45 : George Constantinescu hypersonic theory based flywheel transmission
Lorentz force versus N. Tesla time
www.scienceabc.com (http://www.scienceabc.com) Watts "horsepower" by steam power comparison marketing,
50 horsepower or 37,3 KW max. steam power ~ 1 KWh electricity
or nearly 2 Citroen x 2CV = 2x 24 hp max engines
From US inventor Gar(field)Wood his Superelectric base car with 2x 2 hp DC electric motors and peak 52 mph velocity to the japanese" Hino flatformer" with 2x in-wheel motors to the Reva NXG Electric City Car prototype technical numbers to the "Canoon bus" ( where is the front and where is the back side ;) )
www.solarjourneyusa.com (http://www.solarjourneyusa.com) traffic numbers
for the 99% US private households satisfying 100 miles range per day electric vehicle with 85 mph(Texas State highway 130) ,elsewhere 70-55 mph highway ( when free,rush hour average ≤ 24 mph) max. velocity !
In future,with "Autopilot/Tempomat",black-box-recorder, and smartphone-ID-GPS-triangulation each traffic participant gets 24/365 velocity observation : radar-society !
www.in-wheel.com (http://www.in-wheel.com) peak/constant torque and peak/constant power
Remembering Roy Kessingers preview about industrial electric motor price development :
from 15 US$/hp down to 5 US$/hp: mass production price
The endconsumer pays in average with 500% margin for each unit !
So the market price by 90 US$/hp will fall to 30 US$/hp to finally open source 9 US$/hp( 80% margin)
The industrial parameter of production is not " hp" but for application and replication material " Kg" weight,3d digitizing,material spectrum scanning,cloning
the newest electric motors are - rpm dependent- in the 1 KW/0,1 Kg range
Low weight = low financial investment need
9 US$/hp ~ 12 US/KW divided ? Kg material worth ?
2008 I got for Kemmerich electro motors ( AC electro magnets ducted ) price offer in the 12 €/Kg range !
Sept. 2020 : 12 € ~ Kursgepflegte 14,2 US$ ( real,US credit-inflation reduced : : 3 US$)
From rare earth magnets to Metamaterial magnets to zero permanent magnets electric motors
From copper coils to copper-alu coils to alu coils to graphene film band to superconductive RT coils
Low cost materials in future !
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www.evalbum.com (http://www.evalbum.com) Lavenami
1,5 KW nominal electric motor , 40 Km/h peak velocity ~ sub-/urban speed limit and average
drive range 50 Kilometers by 12 V 70 Ah lead battery
200 12 V 280 Ah sodium or lithium battery ,same weight or volume
400 ? Valkenberg electric- 50% less consume- drive ?
1200 ? Todorovic range extender
2400 ? Todorovic range extender and Akiro Hara generator
7200 ? Valkenberg + Todorovic + Hara with 500 Wh/Kg battery
41 is the result from 15.000 Kilometers per year divided 365,25 days
71 15.000 210 workdays
Or : 1,5 KW electric motor and Saburo battery-genset : over 10.000 kilometers drive range
Is this important,the investment worth ? Actually not in need !
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Lanca
http://www.evalbum.com/ (http://www.evalbum.com/)
Very nice indeed
This type of retrofit will be the future when
One of these members here who writes “FE is
Everywhere in plain site”
Actually gives us one “Real” open source example !!
Very nice website
Thank you
With gratitude
Chet K
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Hmm," retrofit" or "hybrid"-conversion !?
New cars ,small but so called " compact car class" we can calculate with 15.-20.000 Euros market prices !
DE4332378 Kurt Fritzsche or DE10103108 Peter Rust hybrid conversion concept
When an ic-engine car is availed with 30 GHG units per 100 Km and an electric motor ,battery sourced,car with 1,25 GHG units per 100 Km :
pure ic engine car to
hybrid conversion : 50% less consume
Arakelian fuel ( hydrogenized hydro-carbon fuel 8 :1 ratio )
we get
30 /2 /8 = 1,875 GHG units per 100 Km
Now,to decrease the GHG units we have as options :
CO2-car exhaust filter system
Optimized electric generator : less 40% kinetic input in comparison conventonial electric generator by same output
engine with 80% (Uni Michigan,Multi Disc) up to 90% (CDA :gun engine) conversion efficiency
Internal combustion hybrid cars can be as clean or cleaner than electric battery cars !
30 /2 hybrid conversion /8 hydro fuel x 0,6 generator
~ 1,125 GHG ( without CO2 filter) converted hybrid car /1,25 GHG new electric battery car
Kurt Fritzsche 3 liter gasoline /100 Km x 0,5 ( instead 40% efficiency 80% efficiency engine ) x 0,6 generator =
0,25 Kg hydrogen per 100 Km ( 1 Kg ~ 37,58 KWh )
with in comparison 100% output conventional electric drive optimized comparing 200% output electric drive
0,125 Kg hydrogen per 100 Km
judbarovski.livejournal.com 1 Kg H2 for 0,1 US$ production costs
factor 100 or 10 000 %
www.edmunds.com (http://www.edmunds.com) 1 Kg H2 for 10 US$ at fueling station
Assumimg the gas station selling price related 1 US$/Kg hydrogen production costs actually,the selling price can decrease up to 90% to the 1 US$/Kg gas station end price level !
The 2015 R&D 'Automotive Onboard Hydrogen Storage'- targets :
5 Kg hydrogen in 55,6 Kg storage weight and 62 lt. volume by 333 US$ production costs and 2,5 min refueling time
5 Kg storage / 0,125 Kg per 100 Km consume ~ 4000 Kilometers drive range
5 Kg storage / 0,25 Kg per 100 Km consume ~ 2000 Kilometers drive range
5 Kg storage / 0,5 Kg per 100 Km consume ~ 1000 Kilometers drive range
Attention : liter and/or Kg consume and the specific energy per liter and/or Kg
1 gallone gasoline/Benzin ~ 3,758 liter gasoline ~ 1 Kg (compressed) hydrogen ~ 37,58 KWh
This means : the Kurt Fritzsche ic-engine ( conventional 40% efficiency ) now instead gasoline hydrogen combusting and a Akiro Hara generator couple gives by 5 Kg Hydrogen storage up to 1000 Kilometers drive range
We have in option : David Yurth generator coil coating
Ferreira electric drive
Porquer differential
We have the clean environment technology ! 3rd world production price : new hybrid cars ≤ 4000 Euros
4000 Euros is much ! TATA NANO ,for the India MIDDLE class concipated : +- 1900 Euros !
In the 3rd world 4000 € ' upper middle class ' investment level !
~ european private household 30.-40.000 Euros equivalent !
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Nano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Nano)
Announced as the most affordable production car (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_car) in the world, Tata aimed for a price of one lakh (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakh) rupees (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupee), or ₹100,000, which was approximately $2,000 US at the time.
Curb weight (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curb_weight)600–635 kg (1,323–1,400 lb)
$2000/625 Kg = circa $3,2/Kg industrial controlled mass production selling price , not production costs !
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68 Kg x $3,2/Kg = $217,6 linear mass production calculation ::) x factor 10 :
$2500 selling price for electrocopter possible !
68 Kg = 150 lbs
https://contest.techbriefs.com/2012/entries/transportation/2689 (https://contest.techbriefs.com/2012/entries/transportation/2689)
The ElectraCopter is a single-seat ultralight electric helicopter. At 150 lbs empty with batteries, it will fit into the 254 lb limit USA ultralight category for unlicensed aircraft. It can be potentially used in other categories and in other countries, depending on regulations and design criteria.
• The helicopter works by means of a solid state battery, powering a 20 kW electric motor acting as motive power (and generator) with fly by wire electronic controls and servo flap blade actuation. Yaw is governed by piezo gyro and rotor speed control by microprocessor. Triple redundant military spec computer control chips for safety. Tail rotor is a separate, directly coupled motor to a fenestron protected tail blade assembly. A ballistic chute is an option. Instrumentation is a HUD in the helmet – no console.
A. which RPMs ?
Siemens 5 KW/Kg edrive for flying objects ,similar Helmut Schiller motors/generators
https://press.siemens.com/global/de/pressemitteilung/siemens-entwickelt-weltrekord-elektromotor-fuer-luftfahrzeuge (https://press.siemens.com/global/de/pressemitteilung/siemens-entwickelt-weltrekord-elektromotor-fuer-luftfahrzeuge)
http://www.schillergy.com/pdf/schiller-energy.pdf (http://www.schillergy.com/pdf/schiller-energy.pdf)
or :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001020&CC=FR&NR=2792258A1&KC=A1# (https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001020&CC=FR&NR=2792258A1&KC=A1#)
or: https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=2&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20091130&CC=PT&NR=104078A&KC=A# (https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=2&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20091130&CC=PT&NR=104078A&KC=A#)
by 18 000 RPMs for long life coated by
https://www.internano.org/node/782https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/quantumcoat-more-hp-mpg-stops-engine-wear--2#/ (https://www.internano.org/node/782https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/quantumcoat-more-hp-mpg-stops-engine-wear--2#/)
https://www.energy.gov/science/bes/articles/nanodiamonds-slip-n-slidehttps://www.materialstoday.com/carbon/news/diamond-puts-a-new-shine-on-frictionfree-graphene/ (https://www.energy.gov/science/bes/articles/nanodiamonds-slip-n-slidehttps://www.materialstoday.com/carbon/news/diamond-puts-a-new-shine-on-frictionfree-graphene/)
https://www.materialstoday.com/nanomaterials/news/nanodiamonds-2d-materials-dry-lubricant/https://www.anl.gov/article/nanodiamonds-are-forever (https://www.materialstoday.com/nanomaterials/news/nanodiamonds-2d-materials-dry-lubricant/https://www.anl.gov/article/nanodiamonds-are-forever)
The potential applications include bearings and mechanical pump seals in dry applications as well as in wind turbines. The technology could also be used in the computer industry; specifically, in magnetic disc drives.
https://www.piprocessinstrumentation.com/bearings-seals/article/21149510/exploring-the-possibility-of-limitless-bearing-wear (https://www.piprocessinstrumentation.com/bearings-seals/article/21149510/exploring-the-possibility-of-limitless-bearing-wear)
Further studies build on this research. In addition to being low shear and highly protective, the application of graphene in bearings prevents oxidation of the steel surfaces due to its relative lack of permeability to liquids and gases. Research conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory4 shows that the small number of layers in graphene reduces not only friction in steel seven times more, but also wear-and-tear 10,000 times more, reducing tribo-corrosion.
https://www.nanodiamond.co.il/image.ashx?i=29404.pdf&fn=Horizon_2020_Wind_Power.pdf (https://www.nanodiamond.co.il/image.ashx?i=29404.pdf&fn=Horizon_2020_Wind_Power.pdf)Increase in service [/font]life [/font]by [/font]the factor of [/font]3[/font](high [/font]wear resistance of [/font]tools) [/font]
alternatively : bufo.ru surface treatment
https://web.archive.org/web/20040803031518/http://bufo.ru/indexeng.htm
But : https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/315239/reporting (https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/315239/reporting)
Improve the lifetime of the engine parts:
There is no indication of significantly improved lifetime of the different engine parts tested.
Beside engines improvement : https://www.coolingpost.com/features/nanotechnology-to-boost-hvac-efficiency/ (https://www.coolingpost.com/features/nanotechnology-to-boost-hvac-efficiency/)
Faster production : https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/aeat.2002.12774cab.008/full/html (https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/aeat.2002.12774cab.008/full/html)
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the electrocopter also to see as unmanned transporter alternative to transporter-drones
Actually alibaba DC permanent magnet motor Kg average price : 15 US$
Siemens or Schiller or Ferreira 4 Kg the 20 KW electric motor a $50/Kg = 200 US$ , 7 Kg a 50 US$ = 350 US$
When Schiller 1 KW nominal 3000 RPM weights 2 Kg = 40 Kg 20 KW ,6000 RPM = 20 Kg ,12000 RPM = 10 Kg ,18 000 RPM = 7 Kg
alibaba market price comparison
Net weight: 25.2 kg price 1 - 49 Sets $425.00 = less than 20 US$/Kg
https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/2kw-3kw-5kw-6kw-20kw-25_60760879706.html?spm=a2700.7724857.0.0.cca042346yKxSS (https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/2kw-3kw-5kw-6kw-20kw-25_60760879706.html?spm=a2700.7724857.0.0.cca042346yKxSS)
Weight: 820g price $439.90 - $689.90 / Set | 1 Set/Sets (Min. Order) = more than 500 US$/Kg
https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/T-motor-New-high-torque-1kw_1600105014442.html?spm=a2700.7724857.0.0.1cbc4234j3ABOi (https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/T-motor-New-high-torque-1kw_1600105014442.html?spm=a2700.7724857.0.0.1cbc4234j3ABOi)
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the 10 000 Euros commercial electric car in view :
https://www.adac.de/rund-ums-fahrzeug/autokatalog/marken-modelle/renault/renault-city-k-ze/ (https://www.adac.de/rund-ums-fahrzeug/autokatalog/marken-modelle/renault/renault-city-k-ze/)
https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https://www.adac.de/rund-ums-fahrzeug/autokatalog/marken-modelle/renault/renault-city-k-ze/ (https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https://www.adac.de/rund-ums-fahrzeug/autokatalog/marken-modelle/renault/renault-city-k-ze/)
in India 4000 Euros with internal combustion engine
https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault_Kwid (https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault_Kwid)
also as 10 000 Euros NetZero-electric car convertable
power to weight ratio: :o wwwwwwow !
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFrnV7pj_AI (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFrnV7pj_AI) http://www.tppower.com/ (http://www.tppower.com/)
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:o ,real(-ly?)!
https://portuguese.alibaba.com/product-detail/china-factory-direct-supply-new-cheapest-4-wheel-electric-car-ev-vehicle-1600191928203.html?spm=a2700.galleryofferlist.normal_offer.d_image.552f2c30VJT71H (https://portuguese.alibaba.com/product-detail/china-factory-direct-supply-new-cheapest-4-wheel-electric-car-ev-vehicle-1600191928203.html?spm=a2700.galleryofferlist.normal_offer.d_image.552f2c30VJT71H)
2-29 units 3 300,00 US$ near 3 US$/Kg car
30-499 units 2 400,00 US$ near 2 US$/Kg car
>500 units 1200,00 US$ near 1 US$/Kg car
Curb Weight : 1176 Kg
compared
TATA NANO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Nano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Nano)
curb weight 600-635 Kg and with a launch price of one lakh (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakh) rupees or US$2500 in 10 January 2008
= 4 US$/Kg (2008)
car-share/-rent
1000 units "chinese car" group-buying : 1822 US$ per unit all + transport costs/national safety standarts attention
2000 units : 1511 US$ per unit
3000 units : 1407 US$ per unit
for example CN to Portugal
a given offer about 2 units minimum buy : (2x 3300 US$ =) 6600 US$ + :-X 9000 US$ transport costs = 15600 US$ for 2
7800 US$ each
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3) Curb weight 1,611 kg - 1,847 kg
without "Title-Rank-Name Marketing" ,only material transforming, as new units near 2000 Euros value vehicles
as same Toyoda,VW,BMW,Mercedes-Benz,Porsche,Ferrari and all other "transformed material on 3/4-wheels" companies.
2000 Euros per unit worth
x Factor 6 ( commercial marketing margin,patent,concession) price 12 000 Euros
x Factor 2,5-3 ( Max. based local employies earnings/Max. local product price credit- user ) price
30.000 - 36.000 Euros per unit
Car finance : up to 36.000 Euros price by 2000 Euros industrial capital= substance,material in Kg worth
Over 90% capital- uncovered,Rating: Triple E ,junk bonds level
New car trend : short user-ship ,only daies,weeks,months contract
Citroen Ami lease-Abonnement : 20 Euros per month ( 6000 Euros buy )
City-Micro-/Kei-(JP) cars