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Author Topic: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?  (Read 13705 times)

forest

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #15 on: February 15, 2018, 09:42:27 AM »
I see you are experts in LtSpice and electronics. Can you help me ? I have one interesting problem to solve electronically . I need advice if it's possible and how.

partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #16 on: February 15, 2018, 03:18:08 PM »
I see you are experts in LtSpice and electronics. Can you help me ? I have one interesting problem to solve electronically . I need advice if it's possible and how.

Forest,

I'm certainly not an expert but I would be willing to help if possible.  Not all circuitry can be successfully or accurately simulated such as unusual transformer arrangements, non-linear magnetics, etc.  LtSpice does have a good forum on Yahoo with lots of examples, circuits, models, and general help in the use of the software.  There is a help section in LtSpice but it can be rather cryptic for a newb so the forum can really be good source to help understand the commands and features.

Anyway, describe what you need and we'll see if something can be worked out.

Regards,
Pm

forest

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #17 on: February 15, 2018, 10:48:08 PM »
The issue seems simple and maybe it is , but I'm lost.
How to make electronically DC CURRENT to rise across resistor in triangle wave from some small value (above zero) to the maximum current (directed by Ohm law) and again to small value. I know it can be done using kind of variable power supply (rising and lowering input voltage) but how to make it electronically (not in simulation  but in real circuit) ? Something like DC-DC converter with variable voltage output ? Kind of SCR controlled by triangle signal ?
If not possible I think that quite close output can generate  common emitter transistor amplifier with sine wave signal input - not a triangle current wave but sine but close. Parameters however have to be computed in reverse : we have the maximum current (which is Ohm law based) flowing through the resistor of known value and power source of known DC voltage. Is there a way to find by LTSpice simulation in that situation values of required bias resistors  ?

lancaIV

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #18 on: February 15, 2018, 11:10:43 PM »
Thanks TK!  The energy is dissipated in the load, circuit switching losses, coil resistances, etc.  Actually DR's circuit is not as inefficient as it appears in the last sim.  If C1 is replaced with a 10ufd cap and the sim is then run until the circuit stabilizes, the COP is ~ .93 and this could be improved upon with mosfet switching and some timing.  Unfortunately it is still conservative.

Regards,
Pm


Hello pm,
#reply 10 COP is .093 ergo less than 10% !
 This means 10 times structural optimation to reach COP=1


Sincerely
              OCWL

partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #19 on: February 16, 2018, 12:04:48 AM »
The issue seems simple and maybe it is , but I'm lost.
How to make electronically DC CURRENT to rise across resistor in triangle wave from some small value (above zero) to the maximum current (directed by Ohm law) and again to small value. I know it can be done using kind of variable power supply (rising and lowering input voltage) but how to make it electronically (not in simulation  but in real circuit) ? Something like DC-DC converter with variable voltage output ? Kind of SCR controlled by triangle signal ?
If not possible I think that quite close output can generate  common emitter transistor amplifier with sine wave signal input - not a triangle current wave but sine but close. Parameters however have to be computed in reverse : we have the maximum current (which is Ohm law based) flowing through the resistor of known value and power source of known DC voltage. Is there a way to find by LTSpice simulation in that situation values of required bias resistors  ?

OK, the most efficient solution would be to use PWM or pulse width modulation.  This is the technique that most if not all class D audio amplifiers use to achieve high power with high efficiency.  Basically, a high frequency square wave oscillator has it's duty cycle modulated by a lower frequency source and a low pass filter is then used on the output to attenuate the high frequency.  In your case, this low frequency would be a positive triangle wave but it could be any wave shape unipolar, bipolar, or complex as in music content. 

There are really low cost class D amplifier pcb modules available from China thru Ebay which would be cheaper and easier than trying to build your own.  You would then only need to provide the power supply and input signal in the wave shape of your choice and connect the load.  IIRC, I have purchased 100w class D stereo modules in the past for ~$15.00 and free shipping.

Hope this helps,
Pm

 

D.R.Jackson

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #20 on: February 16, 2018, 05:36:59 AM »
OK, ....... etc,

Regards,
Pm

Partzman;

I had dismissed this circuit and put it away then something occurred to me,
so I figured I would try that and dismiss it and be done with it. 
Yet I am wondering now?

I set the simulation to skip the initial operation point solution
so that the capacitors would not be pre-charged, and offset the
start up point by 10ms to skip past a transient spike. 
And ran the simulation for 100s.   .tran 0 100 0.01 50u uic

Below is the result I got, and so I took snap shots of the waveform
averages and added them to the circuit snap shot.

I would not believe this unless you looked at it and ran it. 
Doing what you do with LTSpice.

As for the way it appears at the moment this is small in magnitude
on the power scale.

simulation time 99.99s

V1 = 199.89µW  19.987mJ

V2 = 106.15pW  10.614nJ

C1 = * 362.88µW  * 36.284mJ

So this is the result I got after the 100s run. 
I went on to 200s and it will run out that far without loosing steam.

I removed the DC current path from the circuit, and C4 is
being charged by the alternating current on the emitter.
When I remove C3 this circuit will not do this.

106.15pW + 199.89µW  = 199.8901062uW

362.88uW / 199.8901062uW = 1.8153975046514833459025897500874 = 1.8

199.8901062uW / 362.88uW = 0.55084354662698412698412698412698 = 0.55

The spice file is below.

Oh you can increase C3 on up to 20u and find that the output increases into the 1mW range. 

Not really sure how to interpret this at the moment however.


partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #21 on: February 16, 2018, 04:44:24 PM »
Partzman;

I had dismissed this circuit and put it away then something occurred to me,

[snip]

Not really sure how to interpret this at the moment however.

DR,

I am busy at the moment with a project so I don't have a lot of time to analyze your latest results but I have some suggestions.  I would recommend viewing only the last two cycles of your 100s scan by starting at 99.998s and ending at 100s.  This way, any circuit parameter you wish to plot takes much less time to display thus speeding up the analysis.  In this manner you can now analyze the source of the energy in your circuit by focusing around Q1 using KCL (Kirchhoff's current law) as this device is the nexus of all the circuit's potential energy sources. 

Also, I do not quite understand your "C1 power = V(vc2_out)*I(C2)".  Can you extract real power from C1 under these conditions?  Replace C1 with a resistor whose value is V(vc2_out)rms/I(C2)rms and then check the results against the input power.

Now, I'm not sure if you are familiar with T Bearden's discussion and analysis of the "Fogal transistor" but your circuit with C4 in the emitter of Q1 would seemingly model this device.

Regards,
Pm

 

partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #22 on: February 19, 2018, 09:02:55 PM »
OK, the most efficient solution would be to use PWM or pulse width modulation.  This is the technique that most if not all class D audio amplifiers use to achieve high power with high efficiency.  Basically, a high frequency square wave oscillator has it's duty cycle modulated by a lower frequency source and a low pass filter is then used on the output to attenuate the high frequency.  In your case, this low frequency would be a positive triangle wave but it could be any wave shape unipolar, bipolar, or complex as in music content. 

There are really low cost class D amplifier pcb modules available from China thru Ebay which would be cheaper and easier than trying to build your own.  You would then only need to provide the power supply and input signal in the wave shape of your choice and connect the load.  IIRC, I have purchased 100w class D stereo modules in the past for ~$15.00 and free shipping.

Hope this helps,
Pm

Forest,

Here is a relatively simple solution for generating linear currents needed for a Figuera device using split power supplies and gate drives phased 90 degrees from one another.  Nearly all the energy drawn from the bottom supply is returned to the top supply resulting in overall high efficiency.

Regards,
Pm

Edit:  There is a more complex circuit which would re-circulate the collapsing inductive energy to the source supply.  I will post if you are interested.

forest

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #23 on: February 19, 2018, 10:05:07 PM »
partzman
Can you post ltspice asc file ? I don't know how did you created those "waveform" windows.

partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #24 on: February 19, 2018, 11:21:33 PM »
partzman
Can you post ltspice asc file ? I don't know how did you created those "waveform" windows.

Forest,

I first take the sim results, save it to the clipboard and then paste it into MS Paint.  I then create whatever plot waveform window in LtSpice I wish to use and with a snipping tool (Win10) transfer it to the clipboard.  I then paste that into the image in Paint and continue until all windows are placed.

I've attached the asc file below.

Regards,
Pm

forest

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #25 on: February 20, 2018, 12:03:05 PM »
Forest,

I first take the sim results, save it to the clipboard and then paste it into MS Paint.  I then create whatever plot waveform window in LtSpice I wish to use and with a snipping tool (Win10) transfer it to the clipboard.  I then paste that into the image in Paint and continue until all windows are placed.

I've attached the asc file below.

Regards,
Pm


So those "waveform" windows are not directly from LTSpice command ? Still don't understand but that's no problem. Zip doesn't contain asc ltspice file only png .

partzman

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Re: Can we demonstrate over unity energy?
« Reply #26 on: February 20, 2018, 03:22:43 PM »

So those "waveform" windows are not directly from LTSpice command ? Still don't understand but that's no problem. Zip doesn't contain asc ltspice file only png .

Oops, sorry about that!  Below is the zipped asc file.

The waveform windows are generated from a plot math function in LtSpice.  For example, the window for "V(Vs1)*I(V5)" is generated by placing your cursor over that trace on the top of the plot window pane and while holding down the CTRL key, left click on your mouse.  The waveform window will then be displayed and will show the start and end of the interval measurement period plus the average of the trace's units and the integral of this value.  In this case, the trace units is power in Watts and the integral is the energy in Joules.  There is an explanation of this in the Help section of LtSpice under "Waveform Arithmetic" plus all the other math functions one may perform on the plot traces.

You can only display one waveform window at a time in the LtSpice window so that's the reason I build a composite png in MS Paint.

Regards,
Pm