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Author Topic: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology  (Read 278940 times)

gyulasun

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #315 on: June 24, 2018, 03:35:11 PM »
Hi Lidmotor,

In your video you showed yesterday on water electrolysis you said the MPSA06 transistor
(or a 2N2222) in the 13.56 MHz crystal  oscillator circuit is stone cold and that is not normal.
And normally these transistors in the Doc's SEC circuits get warm and need the use of a heat sink,
while in a Slayer exciter the transistor would be even blown without a heat sink.
The reason I write is that there is explanation why the transistors in the crystal oscillator circuit
you use cannot get warm and there is no any extraordinary (or magic) in that.
Data sheet https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/MPSA05-D.PDF for the MPSA06 says the
DC current gain (hFE) is a minimum of 100, typically 150 to 200. The 100 kOhm base resistor from the 12V battery
biases the base-emitter diode with roughly I=12V/100kOhm= 0.12 mA (a simplified calculation).
This base current would establish a maximum of 200 times 0.12 mA = 24 mA DC collector current if your transistor
had indeed a hFE of 200.
For any hFE lower than 200 the collector current would be proportionally less, for a hFE=100 the collector
current would be only 12 mADC. From the AC collector current point of view, there is the 1 mH choke coil in
the collector which limits the 13.56 MHz current. The inductive reactance of 1 mH at 13.56 MHz is around
85 kOhm so the AC components of the collector current does not influence the DC collector current too much,
the heat dissipation is governed mainly by the value of DC bias resistor (100 kOhm) and the individual transistors
hFE values.
These all mean the transistor is not driven hard at all, total DC input power is roughly 12V*24mA = 288 mW
in the worst case if hFE is around 200 for your transistor.

For a SEC circuit the coil in the collector has but a few uH inductance which cannot limit AC collector current
significantly and there is the series LC circuit between the base-emitter which mainly control the base hence
the collector current AC wise, and there are many harmonics besides the main oscillating frequency.
These mean the collector current may swing up to the 100-200 mA range and with a 18V supply voltage
this can already cause much higher dissipation for the transistor, calling for heat sink.

In the Slayer oscillator the few turn primary also represents a relatively low value collector impedance, this cannot
reduce AC collector current significantly so high peak currents may flow during the oscillations. Confront this with
SkyWatcher's recent Slayer exciter circuit where he used 80 turns for the primary coil instead of the few turns,
so the collector impedance must have been much higher than for the few turns case, not letting peak currents go skyhigh.

Gyula

NickZ

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #316 on: June 24, 2018, 05:19:28 PM »
   Gyula:   I tried to make an L3 coil, similar to what the Doc is using. But, it won't oscillate. It may have a few less turns than his, so I'll add as some more turns today, to see if it will kick on. I'm still using my previously shown Tesla coil, and Kacher circuit.
   
   Here is an interesting video about the filament led bulbs. Some can produce 1000 lumins, at a very low input. 
 https://youtu.be/UD0-K2ZS0yY?t=76
       We still need to work out, if these tests can provide for OU, or can be looped, or not. Because, if not, we are all just pissing into the wind. And if it's just saving us few mAs, that by itself is not very exciting.   I have been asking myself, does the Stiffler loop actually do anything. And is any gain therefrom worth the effort.
   On his last video, he needs to show what happens when the diode loop is replaced with just a simple clip lead.
I'll bet it works the same, as with the diode loop. As it's just providing a ground return path, to help close the circuit.   Or not?   
    Dr. Stifler's latest video.
   https://youtu.be/r2d9-44TIlg   He mentions more to come. Well, I would hope so.
   
« Last Edit: June 24, 2018, 10:19:31 PM by NickZ »

Lidmotor

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Crystal Circuit Exciter
« Reply #317 on: June 24, 2018, 08:13:58 PM »
Gyula --- Thanks for the engineering analysis of what is going on in this crystal circuit exciter that I am working with.  There is one mistake in your calculations though and it is probably my fault for not being clear about things.  I replaced the 1K resistor with a 1000uH choke that has only 4 ohms resistance.  That is why I thought the transistor should get hot.  I have worked with these exciter circuits for years in a 'tinkerer' way rather than an engineering way.  I just thought that things were a bit odd based on what I have observed in past experiments.  This is all probably totally normal and that is good news.  Learning how things work is a good thing.  Thanks for the help.

----Lidmotor

mikrovolt

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #318 on: June 24, 2018, 08:33:10 PM »
I found an easy circuit uses a heavy bare copper wire. the coil has 16 turns on an 1.5 inch diameter
and 1.5 inch long. Those interested it is 6.9 uH tapped at 1/5 it is adjusted by stretching or
compressing slightly. a parallel tank is made with 6.9 uH and 82 pF.

As you would expect tapping at 1/5 simple oscillator is the hartley.

Lidmotor

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class E amplifier calculator
« Reply #319 on: June 24, 2018, 09:46:41 PM »
All-- I found this site that shows a simple class E amplifier circuit including a calculator for determining component values.  The circuit reminds me of what I am working with now.  If you open end the load and use the capacitive link back ----it might run like an 'exciter'.  The driver would be a signal generator or maybe one of these crystal circuits we are using.

http://people.physics.anu.edu.au/~dxt103/calculators/class-e.php

--Lidmotor

Slider2732

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #320 on: June 24, 2018, 11:05:34 PM »
Will take a look at that circuit Lidmotor too...


Here's an odd one.
I've built another 3 Coil Exciter and it does the usual things, except in one area. An AV plug doesn't work !
Of all the testing methods for wireless output, the AV plug is the firm tried tested known method of knowing that you have a wireless field.
I had tried 2x 1N4148 diodes to the Base of the transistor but that didn't produce any improvements, however a variable capacitor across the L2 removed the need for any ferrite and works great for tuning.
Could it be that the variable capacitor has fundamentally changed something ?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=to6OQD6RAbg
(2 mins 58secs)

gyulasun

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #321 on: June 24, 2018, 11:32:44 PM »
Hi Nick,

Yes, a good approach to make an L3 coil can be to change the number of turns. In the comments section of Lidmotor's youtube videos he hinted at the size for L3 as "Take a AA battery, roll hard paper around it and tape it, wind up 26 Ga magnet wire on it end to end, take the battery out to make the air core coil, and that should do it." 
But if L3 was assigned to work in the original SEC circuit at around 13.5 MHz or so, and your xtal frequency is also at 13.5 MHz (and not your Tesla secondary driven by your Katcher circuit), then you could wind with less number of turns first to have the air coil self resonant frequency surely higher than 13.5 MHz. Then insert a small piece of ferrit into the coil to increase inductance hence lower its resonant frequency or use a small variable air capacitor of 20-30 pF in parallel with the coil also to lower its resonant frequency (but this latter tuning method would be very hard to accomplish due to hand capacitance).
Of course, you need to have the LED circuit attached to L3 capacitively or as needed, I mean a loaded L3 condition while tuning for resonance.But with your Tesla coil driving an L3 in the range of 0.8 to 2 or 3 MHz range, the above coil size is not good because lower frequencies need mechanically higher sized coils, you surely know this.  In this case, to approach a close hit, the single layer air coil calculator can help which gives the coil calculated self resonant frequrncy too.

Re your pondering on these tests whether they provide OU or could be looped: I do not know.  My opinion is that LED lamps presently have less conversion efficiency than 100% (light output versus DC input) and till this situation is not improved beyond 100% by advanced LED development, such circuits has no chance for OU.  Notice that for looping (as I see looping) you need a device (like say a solar cell) to convert light to electricity and such device also has less than 100% conversion efficiency, at the present state of art.

I think that any improvement that yields a decrease in input current is a step forward in a good direction, though I understand this may not be exciting for you. Afterall, we strive for OU and a certain amount of reduction in a given input power may not always be an attractive feature in cases like this.  (electricity to light conversion and vice versa)

For the time being, I agree that the diode loop as shown connected by the Doc in his latest video you refer to has the role of a small antenna, a capacitive load to the output of the AV plug so a 30-40 cm long piece of wire attached would have very similar effect on the brightness the diode loop shows on it.

Gyula

gyulasun

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #322 on: June 25, 2018, 12:46:43 AM »

Hi Lidmotor,

Okay on your explanation, and indeed this is all normal circuit behaviour. We need to be clear on such circuits operation as much as possible. 
I just read someone's comment under your video: "Cool setup (bad pun, sorry). Aside from the transistor effect, it's fun to see electrolysis driven wirelessly." 
you see strange deductions start developing immediately like "transistor effect", very likely induced by your 'stone cold transistor' notice. There is simply no transistor effect. 
And as you observed and also commented under the video to someone else later, I quote: "the transistor temperature did warm up slightly. You could barely tell with touch but there was a slight increase in temperature." end of quote That small temperature increase came from the 288 mW I estimated above as total input power and part of this was dissipated in the transistor. 

You wrote: "Learning how things work is a good thing.  Thanks for the help."  Well, thanks also and you are welcome.

Gyula

gyulasun

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #323 on: June 25, 2018, 12:55:31 AM »
Hi Slider,

I would say the followings:
Using a small value 5-15 pF tuning capacitor may confine resonant energy within the thus formed L2C resonant tank much better than the self capacitance formed earlier between the adjacent turns (the tuning capacitance contains higher electrical energy than the coil self capacitance simply because it has higher capacity). This way the capacitive "displacement current" ruling earlier on the surface of the coil becomes much less when the tuning cap is attached, so electric field leakage also becomes less. The overall effect of this may be still a partial and relatively small cause though, I guess.

Another change is the natural reducement in resonant frequency to 10.1 MHz for L2 and I wonder if you retuned coil L3 to 10.1 MHz too?  If not, then this situation the single wire connection of L3 to L2 and also the close mutual magnetic coupling and detuned resonances between them may cause such strange change in electric field distribution alongside the coils. (AV plugs respond to RF voltages.)

You may say that the AV plug on the pick-up coil with the ferrit rod at that say 20 cm distance still indicates the presence of the fields as before.  But that coil has many turns and the ferrit rod in it to be able collect 'juice' just enough to light that single LED attached to it, while there is not enough field for the small piece of wire feeding the AV plug in your hand, mainly due to a detuned situation I think.  Anyway, my 2 cent...  :)

Gyula

Slider2732

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #324 on: June 25, 2018, 01:27:42 AM »
Many thanks Gyula...am grateful for your help.
It would be fantastic to tune up these coils by some electronic means, but I don't know how. Much more a case of try it, see, adjust turns, see again, replace coil and onward.
What has been noted, is that with some coil combinations, the scope shows 2 waves, 1 smaller than the other and out of sync. Those are rubbish. Matching the outputs is essential for the best final output. Kinda obvious, but good to see it verified on the screen.
10.1MHz is actually an increase over the 9MHz that I thought was the limit.
With 1 set of coils the frequency was 17.8MHz, but there was barely a glow from any load LED.
I'd like to know what combination of coils will hit 13.6MHz and that can be the final resting spot for the design.
Higher than 1000uH for L1 makes the circuit quit. Lower than 150uH does the same.
L2 has a small effect on frequency (may have a lot of effect in transferral to L3).
L3 seems to rule the frequency, but, it has to be a Goldilocks coil. Fine windings of many turns are rubbish, few windings gives that same result. 
Really though, it's not a strong wireless output anyway, just a study in 3 coil systems and perhaps partially along Dr. Stiffler's research path many moons ago.

plengo

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #325 on: June 25, 2018, 01:43:23 AM »
Can any one explain why the 13.6 mhz? Is this magical or just a consequence of the self-resonance of L3?


I am not able to replicate this. Should I buy the crystal?


Fausto.

NickZ

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #326 on: June 25, 2018, 02:37:01 AM »
   Guys:   Sounds like we are hot on the trail...   The issue at hand is that the crystal oscillator is not strong enough by itself to do much, other than light a single led bulb. Cree or otherwise. So, something has to change there. The second thing is that having to use an expensive, or not so expensive SG, is not something practical for most of us. Therefore, what is the solution???
   I think that we need to build an oscillator, crystal or otherwise, that will do the job. It looks like both the oscillator frequency needs to be exactly the same as the oscillator frequency. Perhaps the 13.5MHz has something special to offer, or maybe not. But, it does look like the Doc has found the magic sweet spot, for his tuned circuits at that frequency. Otherwise, there won't be any "extra juice" available. And much less, something to get really excited about, like OU, or even self running. I think that Doc needs some help there, from those interested. To go beyond lighting an led by capacitance using a SG.
   So, how do we go about tuning a coil to the exact same frequency as the oscillator frequency. And how do we build a strong enough oscillator circuit, that can output over 20v, to provide the needed input of the L3 coil? And also, be controlled to produce the needed 13.5MHz. And can have the needed gain to do more than what we have already seen. That is my question.   

   Gyula, thanks for your help, much appreciated.
As most of us are just simple experimenters, and not RF or electronic specialists.

Slider2732

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #327 on: June 25, 2018, 02:51:49 AM »
^ what he said

That's what i'm thinking too.

Lidmotor

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #328 on: June 25, 2018, 08:52:40 AM »
Fausto---  Here is where I got my 2 pin 13.5MHz crystals.  For $2 shipping included you get 10 of them.  The down side is that they come from China.  It took two weeks for mine to arrive in California which wasn't too bad.

https://www.aliexpress.com/item/Free-shipping-10pcs-Authentic-line-of-quartz-crystal-HC-49S-crystal-resonator-20ppm-13-5MHZ-13/32571317213.html


iQuest

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Re: Dr Ronald Stiffler SEC technology
« Reply #329 on: June 25, 2018, 11:19:09 AM »
Good work guys!  This is my first post here so it may be a bit long and be delayed in getting posted due to newbie review requirement.  I would first like to note that I appreciate the
constructive comments that are posted here and the work being shared.  The different paths being explored provide a good learning experience and all are headed in a very interesting
direction.  Thanks guys, really appreciate these efforts which include technical feedback, research, and the parts search that is being done by all.  A special thanks to Dr. Stiffler for
posting more thought provoking videos which provide helpful tips, hints and insights.

Slider:  You will have maximum voltage magnification when the open end of the L3 coil is the antinode (Vmax) of a 1/4 standing wave pattern at the same time that the L3 coil is
resonating at its srf.  I think that in your latest video, where the AV plug LED is brightest at the side of the L3 coil, you are demonstrating a way to find the 1/4 wavelength antinode. 
You should be able to confirm this by shortening the length of the wire of that L3 coil, as you shorten it the brightest AV LED location should move towards the open end of the L3 coil
wire.  And you should be able to make some adjustment to the L3 srf by adjusting the distance between L2 and L3.  Easier said than done, but I think best results will be obtained when
L3 is resonating at its srf while generating a 1/4 standing wave pattern (1/4 wave resonator).  If you go to the following link and set the Red and Blue Wavelength to 20m it will display
a 1/4 wavelength animation.  The Magenta standing wave at the bottom displays the sum of the Red and Blue waves, the right end represents the open end of your L3 coil wire.  If
you set the Red and Blue Wavelength to 15m you will see that the standing wave Vmax moves away from the end, which is what I think you are now showing on your L3 coil.  This
animation simulates two open ends but it was the best adjustable superposition of two transverse waves traveling in opposite directions that I found:  http://ophysics.com/w3.html

Lidmotor:  Good job modifying the crystal testing circuit to achieve that great result of brightly lighting up those LEDs mounted on an aluminum plate.  The tuning of your L3 coil
to the crystal frequency appears to be right on.  When needed, an alternative to ferrite rod tuning would be to connect an aluminum mass to the point where your L3 coil connects to
your crystal circuit output or (+) and adjust the distance between it and the L3 coil.  May need to experiment to find the best place to connect this mass in your circuit but this is a
method used by Dr. Stiffler when he tuned his PSEC.  You obtain better Q-factor and greater efficiency with an air core coil so this method may help obtain better results when you
need to tune the L3 coil, this may also help Slider's L3 srf tuning on his circuit.

TK:  Really like the crystal oscillator with 74AC04 circuit that you built and the scope shots you showed us, also liked your mention of maybe trying to drive a high speed MOSFET driver
and a higher voltage supply for a MOSFET as the final output stage.  Your scope shots and your comments about them are always very instructive and I'm looking forward to the direction
that you may be headed.  Maybe a low power auto-resonating circuit with antenna feedback triggering can be designed for this application, similar to this great working and auto-resonating
TinselKoil X that you demonstrated a year ago:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WV3posVDqJs