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Author Topic: car energy consume improvements  (Read 31978 times)

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #15 on: June 08, 2019, 12:48:14 PM »
Many E. U. cities will reduce street velocity to 30 Km/h max. !
Commuter cars will become the"city-/urban mobile" solution :
an example how from "standart modell" vehicle modifying can change performance and competitive price :
https://www.twizy-forum.de/projekte-twizy/83216-100-km-das-ist-kein-scherz-mehr?start=135

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #16 on: August 17, 2019, 07:45:35 PM »
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/searchResults?submitted=true&locale=en_EP&DB=EPODOC&ST=advanced&TI=&AB=&PN=&AP=&PR=&PD=&PA=Franz+hawlitschek&IN=&CPC=&IC=
From this publication
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=3&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19910801&CC=DE&NR=4022622A1&KC=A1#

" Minikraftwerk B"

he,Haeusler Zsolt,took this design :https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001207&CC=DE&NR=10011074A1&KC=A1#

Not the generator nominal value important but the given nominal electric drive value , but strictly - velocity/mass related :
                      FOR URBAN CARS, IC engine to e- drive conversion : nominal 1,5 KW electric

Instead conventional electric motor :
A.
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/searchResults?submitted=true&locale=en_EP&DB=EPODOC&ST=advanced&TI=&AB=&PN=&AP=&PR=&PD=&PA=Roberto+catalan&IN=&CPC=&IC=
3. Catalan only applied  his motor invention for the US commercial market, not international = no WO grant !
B.http://maddsci.tripod.com/george/id10.html
With 3-4 KWh battery or ultra- battery pack equipped converted  e-city cars !

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #17 on: September 04, 2019, 08:02:48 PM »
12500 Km drive per annum means : 200 working days ~ 62,5 km/day and divided by 365 days ~ 35 Km/day

A soft hybrid- kit for ic-engine car to ic/electric car conversion with 100 Km range ( later Option : up to 500 Km)
                                 2013 !
https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=de&sl=de&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Frp-online.de%2Fnrw%2Fstaedte%2Fduisburg%2Fein-visionaer-mit-pechstraehne_aid-15120225
Advantage : no GHG-emission during electric drive ( City clean air act!)

How much nominal cinetic power needs an hybrid electric drive. ?
Following this" ic-engine car to electric car conversion"  :  1,5 KW nominal AC motor(4000 RPM) to mechanic torque                                                               FOR USE AS CITY CAR                     

                without anymore the ic- engine and parts weigt : up to 120 Km/h velocity !
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001207&CC=DE&NR=10011074A1&KC=A1#

With ic-engine the electric motor nominal power/torque (Nm).need ?

ZERO EMISSION CITY DRIVE is easy to reach !
Car-share with converted used "hybrid-kit cars"  !?
So also in estates with 200 cars/sqkm density 1/1000 Land area for fuel bio-crop becomes sufficient  !

The worldwide new "zero City emission car" price challenge : 5000 Euros
based by Renault Kwid basic costs and estimated 1500 Euros for the Manfred Sonntag " hybrid kit"
https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=de&sl=de&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fde.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRenault_Kwid
Okay, after " Security"-improvements : 0-3 stars from 5 is actually not enough. !

https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=de&sl=de&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fecomento.de%2F2019%2F07%2F11%2Fe-go-mobile-gruender-schuh-der-kunde-will-keine-elektroautos%2F
But when we get "zero GHG emission" for cities = no combustion,what is the solution for the car user if not hybrid  ?

« Last Edit: September 04, 2019, 10:06:51 PM by lancaIV »

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #18 on: September 05, 2019, 11:58:13 AM »
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001207&CC=DE&NR=10011074A1&KC=A1#
car weight without ic-engine ?
1,5 KW nominal AC electric motor and  ??? up to 120 Km/ speed ?
For comparison :
700 Kg new electric car,  3,5 KW nominal electric motor, 30-50 Km/h speed  !

https://hkshinepeak.en.made-in-china.com/product/gSPmIbnvOipu/China-New-Energy-Sightseeing-Bus-Adult-Electric-Car-Electric-Car-Oil-Electric-Car-Four-Car-SUV-Electric-Vehicles-Town-Electric-Car.html
This street legal Chinese electric car can be the base for

https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001020&CC=FR&NR=2792258A1&KC=A1#
" 1000 Watt electric consume per hour and 117 Km/h " as numeric drive information

experiments  !

Minimum velocity for highway drive : 50 Km/h and average  100 Km/h so reachable !

Porquer + 4 x e-power saving motors + Tanaka Saburo static gen-set : 2000 Euros drive system price

Instead T.Saburo static gen-set :

https://patents.google.com/patent/US8847720B2/en

or https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=10&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20070201&CC=ES&NR=2265253A1&KC=A1#

or https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20190328&CC=DE&NR=112017003611A5&KC=A5#
           ------------------------------------------------------

"FORMULA 1 KWH " 4-seater World competition/challenge : AUTODROME ESTORIL/PT

On-board 1 KWh battery or capacitor capacity : how long the drive range with which average velocity. ?

TARGET : 1 KWh :1000 Kilometers and more by 100 Km/h average velocity = 10 h +

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #19 on: September 10, 2019, 09:30:55 PM »
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001207&CC=DE&NR=10011074A1&KC=A1#
car weight without ic-engine ?
1,5 KW nominal AC electric motor and  ??? up to 120 Km/ speed ?

For comparison :


3000 Watt AC electric motor, up to 50 Km/ h speed  !

https://m.german.alibaba.com/p-detail/City-use-4-wheel-new-solar-60732955155.html?spm=a2706.8168334.1998817009.15.4ca54e19ElRFrV

700 Kg New electric car, 3,5 KW nominal electric Motor, 30-50 Km/h speed  !

https://hkshinepeak.en.made-in-china.com/product/gSPmIbnvOipu/China-New-Energy-Sightseeing-Bus-Adult-Electric-Car-Electric-Car-Oil-Electric-Car-Four-Car-SUV-Electric-Vehicles-Town-Electric-Car.html
This street legal Chinese electric car can be the base for

https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20001020&CC=FR&NR=2792258A1&KC=A1#
" 1000 Watt electric consume per hour and 117 Km/h " as numeric drive information

experiments  !

Minimum velocity for highway drive : 50 Km/h and average  100 Km/h so reachable !

Porquer + 4 x e-power saving motors + Tanaka Saburo static gen-set : 2000 Euros drive system price

Instead T.Saburo static gen-set :

https://patents.google.com/patent/US8847720B2/en

or https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=10&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20070201&CC=ES&NR=2265253A1&KC=A1#

or https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20190328&CC=DE&NR=112017003611A5&KC=A5#
           ------------------------------------------------------

"FORMULA 1 KWH " 4-seater World competition/challenge : AUTODROME ESTORIL/PT

On-board 1 KWh battery or capacitor capacity : how long the drive range with which average velocity. ?

TARGET : 1 KWh :1000 Kilometers and more by 100 Km/h average velocity = 10 h +

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #20 on: September 12, 2019, 08:54:44 PM »
https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=de&sl=de&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.n-tv.de%2Fwirtschaft%2FE-Autos-sind-auf-laengere-Sicht-unschlagbar-article21265337.html
They are right  !
When 3 -3,5 KW AC electric Motor cars reach up to 50 Km/ h average speed
with Porquer 4x 500 Watt electric Motor transmission which aequivalence a 50 horse-power ic-engine
and these 4 electric motors are build by Aminzko electric motor design with 400%  Nm/electric wattin power ratio

in relation to conventional electric motors
then electric cars are in price : Porquer transmission 400 Euros + 4 x 112,5 Euros Aminzko electric 500 Watt motors without concurrence. !
1 KWh battery capacity sufficient  !
As "Zero energy car " + 400 Euros Saburo inverter gen-set
+ Zero energy electric boat
+ Zero energy electric Drone, Intercontinental fly


sm0ky2

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #22 on: November 20, 2019, 08:24:29 PM »
Direct drive DC motors are the way to go
The electric generator braking systems
and the new AA batteries


We can reduce the weight of a passenger vehicle by 60%
With a total system cost less than that of just the transmission
of an ICE vehicle.


Recycling old chassis is probably the way to go
As there are currently no investors willing to take on the auto industry
with a line of low-cost electrics

sm0ky2

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #23 on: November 20, 2019, 08:27:01 PM »
Displacement cavities in unused parts of the vehicle
Can house Helium, to further decrease ‘effective’ weight
and improve fuel efficiency as well as safety.

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #24 on: November 20, 2019, 09:05:14 PM »
From actually "one period per pole" up to "eight periods per pole" :
up to eight times efficiency improvement

http://translationportal.epo.org/emtp/translate/?ACTION=description-retrieval&COUNTRY=DE&ENGINE=google&FORMAT=docdb&KIND=A1&LOCALE=en_EP&NUMBER=3804440&OPS=ops.epo.org/3.2&SRCLANG=de&TRGLANG=en

Question : which kind of improvement. ?
A.  from f.e. 8 KW/ Kg up to 1 KW/Kg power density improvement mean. ?

B. the physical generator mass with " 1 period per pole" output - now technical and conceptual changed -
 to "2 periods or 4 period or 6 periods or 8 periods - per pole-

gives 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold the energetic output !?
 BY SAME KINETICAL/MECHANICAL INPUT. ?

FROM CONVENTIONAL INPUT/OUTPUT RATIO 1:1 ( ignoring the real losts) with multiple periods 1:2 or 1:4 or 1:6 or 1:8  ?


A car with - in wheel generators- equipped with 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold the brake energy recuperation. ?

REVA NGX 37 KW electric motor  consume per 100 Km : 12 KWh (~ GM Impala consume)
REVA NGX brake energy recuperation per 100 Km : 3 KWh

3 KWh brake energy recuperation x 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold  ?

Multiple periods per pole : NET ZERO ENERGY CAR TECHNOLOGY. ?

Kango Iida :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=3&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19981222&CC=JP&NR=H10341560A&KC=A#
As "Multipole device" descripted,not to read about "Multiple periods per pole"-device. !

By the same inventor :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19840807&CC=US&NR=4464095A&KC=A#
the counterrotative effect : from 1:1 ratio to  : ?

Akio Hara, double counterrotative generators on one shaft
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=1&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20130214&CC=US&NR=2013038069A1&KC=A1#
From 1:1 input/output ratio to 1:2 ratio

NET ZERO ENERGY MOTOR AND GENERATOR  CAR TECHNOLOGY :
REVA NGX with Catalan Hallbach array magnet-motor and Hara in wheel coaxial generators

But :   1:2 input/output ratio improvement R&D  !
BTW : Akio Hara coaxial generator " open source", licence-free



NET ZERO ENERGY MOTOR AND GENERATOR TECHNOLOGY II :

ELECTRIC CAPACITIVE WINDING MOTOR ( alternatively to Catalan market entry price politics !  )
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=2&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20091130&CC=PT&NR=104078A&KC=A#
input/output electric/kinetic > 2,> 4,> 6,> 8,.....

and conventional in-wheel generator or Hara coaxial generator

lancaIV

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lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #26 on: November 29, 2019, 02:20:49 PM »
From actually "one period per pole" up to "eight periods per pole" :
up to eight times efficiency improvement

http://translationportal.epo.org/emtp/translate/?ACTION=description-retrieval&COUNTRY=DE&ENGINE=google&FORMAT=docdb&KIND=A1&LOCALE=en_EP&NUMBER=3804440&OPS=ops.epo.org/3.2&SRCLANG=de&TRGLANG=en

Question : which kind of improvement. ?
A.  from f.e. 8 KW/ Kg up to 1 KW/Kg power density improvement mean. ?

B. the physical generator mass with " 1 period per pole" output - now technical and conceptual changed -
 to "2 periods or 4 period or 6 periods or 8 periods - per pole-

gives 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold the energetic output !?
 BY SAME KINETICAL/MECHANICAL INPUT. ?

FROM CONVENTIONAL INPUT/OUTPUT RATIO 1:1 ( ignoring the real losts) with multiple periods 1:2 or 1:4 or 1:6 or 1:8  ?


A car with - in wheel generators- equipped with 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold the brake energy recuperation. ?

REVA NGX 37 KW electric motor  consume per 100 Km : 12 KWh (~ GM Impala consume)
REVA NGX brake energy recuperation per 100 Km : 3 KWh

3 KWh brake energy recuperation x 2 fold/4 fold/6 fold/8 fold  ?

Multiple periods per pole : NET ZERO ENERGY CAR TECHNOLOGY. ?

Kango Iida :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=3&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19981222&CC=JP&NR=H10341560A&KC=A#
As "Multipole device" descripted,not to read about "Multiple periods per pole"-device. !

By the same inventor :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19840807&CC=US&NR=4464095A&KC=A#
the counterrotative effect : from 1:1 ratio to  : ?

Akio Hara, double counterrotative generators on one shaft
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=1&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20130214&CC=US&NR=2013038069A1&KC=A1#
From 1:1 input/output ratio to 1:2 ratio

NET ZERO ENERGY MOTOR AND GENERATOR  CAR TECHNOLOGY :
REVA NGX with Catalan Hallbach array magnet-motor and Hara in wheel coaxial generators

But :   1:2 input/output ratio improvement R&D  !
BTW : Akio Hara coaxial generator " open source", licence-free



NET ZERO ENERGY MOTOR AND GENERATOR TECHNOLOGY II :

ELECTRIC CAPACITIVE WINDING MOTOR ( alternatively to Catalan market entry price politics !  )
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=2&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20091130&CC=PT&NR=104078A&KC=A#
input/output electric/kinetic > 2,> 4,> 6,> 8,.....

and conventional in-wheel generator or Hara coaxial generator


https://web.archive.org/web/20071120020255/http://www.trinitymotors.net/pressreleases.htm
Their double battery charge and recharge concept
And as battery energy source :
A. https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=10&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20070201&CC=ES&NR=2265253A1&KC=A1#
or

B.
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20190328&CC=DE&NR=112017003611A5&KC=A5#

Net/ Zero Energy electric cars as new models or by internal combustion motor to e-drive conversion as ecological alternative. !

All these technologies licence- free sources and global use-/avail-ability means less salary/production costs and let reach faster the <10000 Euros "compact class"-electric car with quasi-"unlimited"-range  in Europe and U.S.A. !
With India their  actually small car  market prices in the 5000 Euros range later 10000 to 7500 to 5000 Euros of electric cars endconsumer price decrease will be in maximal 5 years steps ,global the price decrease similar !

Okay,by falling numeric salary prices global !

B.I.Z. BASEL I,II,...,V,.... finance system reformation program for the next years !
Who wins actually liquid 2000 Euros in the G7 shall calculate with 1000 Euros liquid in the next years,who wins actually liquid 5000 and more Euros -per month- shall calculate with 1500 Euros liquid - per month- in future. !

                 This is the B.I.Z.- effect : numericsl deflation from too much accumulated price-/salary-inflation
                                                              Uncapitalized credits, = Junk ,blowed= flated  up the numbers
               



Future price decrease ever in comparison and evolution parallel with salary price decrese ( salaries are ever price part !).

                   Handwork to machinework to Menmachine( robot )

 in western economies  productivity improvements are mainly based by machine use and machine capacity work turns ( and as only special skill : precision ,this now C.N.C. -domain and my-/nano-meter level) :

 "thirld/second world" economies can by motorization = factor 10 and work-turns = factor 3-4 easy reach this in western common  technological productivity : 

10x 3 or 4 = 30-40 times faster or more units productivity
 " simple machines" and their productivity lever. !
They get our productivity level and we get their actual salary level. ! Economy Entrophy

sm0ky2

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #27 on: December 03, 2019, 06:10:44 AM »
Replacing your braking system with electromagnetic regenerative brakes can not only improve efficiency of your vehicle, but provide much more auxiliary power than currently available from an ICE passenger vehicle.

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #28 on: July 04, 2020, 09:46:28 PM »
https://thebulletin.org/2017/05/clean-energy-and-rare-earths-why-not-to-worry/


Moreover, all electric cars need two to three times fewer batteries if we take obesity—weight and drag—out of their design, especially by replacing heavy steel with light metals or with even lighter (but stronger) carbon-fiber composites.

lancaIV

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Re: car energy consume improvements
« Reply #29 on: July 05, 2020, 01:48:02 PM »
https://thebulletin.org/2017/05/clean-energy-and-rare-earths-why-not-to-worry/


Moreover, all electric cars need two to three times fewer batteries if we take obesity—weight and drag—out of their design, especially by replacing heavy steel with light metals or with even lighter (but stronger) carbon-fiber composites.




https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=de&sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fripower-elektrofahrzeuge.de%2Felektroauto-umbau-kosten%2F


Since electric motors have a significantly higher torque, it is sufficient to install a small motor with little power in your vehicle.


A 30 kW electric motor can achieve a torque of 170 Nm, which roughly corresponds to a gasoline engine with a displacement of 2,000 cm³ and 95 kW (129 hp).


Sounds great, doesn't it?




https://www.google.com/search?q=renault+vesta+2&rlz=1C1AVFC_enPT797PT797&oq=renault+vesta+2&aqs=chrome..69i57.7624j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8


https://books.google.pt/books?id=iAaiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT96&lpg=PT96&dq=renault+vesta+2&source=bl&ots=MBIz3U9DEw&sig=ACfU3U100q2STNU_sdxJPAiE2gBVt-Ks3w&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2tJvFhbbqAhVM8uAKHSpQCYIQ6AEwE3oECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=renault%20vesta%202&f=false


      Top speed 87 mph or 87 x 1,6093 = 140 Kilometer per hour max




                                                                27 hp engine


                                           
                                                     "older" ;)  low cost ic engines equipped vehicles

https://www.google.com/search?q=2+cv&rlz=1C1AVFC_enPT797PT797&oq=2+cv&aqs=chrome..69i57.2815j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_2CV


The Charleston, having been presented in October 1980 as a one-season "special edition" was incorporated into the regular range in July 1981 in response to its "extraordinary success".
[57] By changing the carburetor to achieve 29 hp (22 kW), a top speed of 115 km/h (71 mph) was achieved.
Other changes were a new rear-view mirror and inboard disc brakes at the front wheels.[57]


                                       
  To get a feeling how many horses we need for sub-/urban velocity traffic !




when 129 hp engine converts to 30 KW electric motor then  27 hp engine converts to 27 x ( 30/129) = 6,28 KW electric motor  8) 


                                     Attention : electric motor Nm/torque and car weight and velocity demand relationship


https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=9&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19950330&CC=DE&NR=4332378A1&KC=A1



Option :


https://patentauction.com/patent.php?nb=15379








http://translationportal.epo.org/emtp/translate/?ACTION=description-retrieval&COUNTRY=FR&ENGINE=google&FORMAT=docdb&KIND=A1&LOCALE=en_EP&NUMBER=2792258&OPS=ops.epo.org/3.2&SRCLANG=fr&TRGLANG=en


when we read this application and compare the ratios : four electric motors each 500 W nominal = total 2 KW electric / 50 hp engine


and the ic engine car to electric car conversion ratio 30 KW electric/129 hp


this means that this differential concept should reach up to 85% power savings,flywheel systems in study gives up to 30% !




https://rqriley.com/product/centurion-plans/


The technology used to produce Centurion’s high fuel economy is very straightforward.  An internal combustion engine runs most efficiently when it is operating at 60% to 90% of maximum output. In contrast, when an engine is throttled so it develops only a small portion of its power output capability, fuel economy plummets. Automobiles operate most of the time with the engine throttled to 5% or less of full power, such as when cruising at low speeds in urban traffic. Even on the highway, the average family sedan can cruise at 55 mph on a little as 8 to 10 hp, which is only a fraction of the power capability of the engine. An engine throttled into fractional power regions can use double or triple the fuel per unit of power output.  It’s as simple as that.


Centurion first reduces road load by keeping weight and aerodynamic drag to a minimum with its sleek shape and low, 1,200-pound curb weight. Minimum installed power, tall gearing, and a transmission with high ratio selectivity combine to allow for high engine loading. With its 17-hp, 3-cylinder Kubota diesel engine coupled to the 5-speed transmission with overdrive in each gear, the engine can be loaded into its region of minimum brake specific fuel consumption at just about any speed. These are the primary factors responsible for Centurion’s fuel economy at cruise. Stop-and-start fuel economy benefits from low weight, which translates into less energy lost to inertia in urban traffic. Reduced fuel consumption at idle and during braking results from the small-displacement engine.


                             ( 17 hp / 129 hp ) x 30 eKW = 4 e KW electric motor Centurion


   
« Last Edit: July 05, 2020, 05:19:51 PM by lancaIV »