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Author Topic: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments  (Read 60528 times)

telecom

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #45 on: September 07, 2016, 06:48:41 PM »
But you can't convert  it into energy - this is what radioactive materials do.

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #46 on: September 07, 2016, 06:56:52 PM »
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_decay
this has not to be through cosmic rays

elementary decay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_decay


Types of decay[edit]



Alpha particles may be completely stopped by a sheet of paper, beta particles by aluminium shielding. Gamma rayscan only be reduced by much more substantial mass, such as a very thick layer of lead.Early researchers found that an electric or magnetic field could split radioactive emissions into three types of beams. The rays were given the names alpha, beta, and gamma, in order of their ability to penetrate matter. While alpha decay was observed only in heavier elements of atomic number 52 (tellurium) and greater, the other two types of decay were produced by all of the elements. Lead, atomic number 82, is the heaviest element to have any isotopes stable (to the limit of measurement) to radioactive decay. Radioactive decay is seen in all isotopes of all elements of atomic number 83 (bismuth) or greater. Bismuth, however, is only very slightly radioactive, with a half-life greater than the age of the universe; radioisotopes with extremely long half-lives are considered effectively stable for practical purposes.



Transition diagram for decay modes of a radionuclide, with neutron number N and atomic number Z (shown are α, β±, p+, andn0 emissions, EC denotes electron capture).



Types of radioactive decay related to N and Z numbersIn analysing the nature of the decay products, it was obvious from the direction of theelectromagnetic forces applied to the radiations by external magnetic and electric fields that alpha particles carried a positive charge, beta particles carried a negative charge, and gamma rays were neutral. From the magnitude of deflection, it was clear that alpha particles were much more massive than beta particles. Passing alpha particles through a very thin glass window and trapping them in a discharge tube allowed researchers to study the emission spectrum of the captured particles, and ultimately proved that alpha particles are helium nuclei. Other experiments showed beta radiation, resulting from decay and cathode rays, were high-speed electrons. Likewise, gamma radiation and X-rays were found to be high-energyelectromagnetic radiation.


telecom: the ability to penetrate matter ! To penetrate material ! It is not,it becomes radio-activ !

telecom

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #47 on: September 07, 2016, 07:18:03 PM »
 matter is made out of cosmic rays, only radioactive materials can transform them into energy - this is what "decay"is

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #48 on: September 07, 2016, 07:27:57 PM »
Do you want to tell us how our planet earth evoluate during the last billions of years ?
( okay,Bible-readers: the last "seven thousand" years)


That we are on Earth,but this is only a planet with interstellar position ?


http://www2.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/chapters/15/2.html
radioactivity and or decay is a normal natural behaviour ! A change !

telecom

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #49 on: September 07, 2016, 07:40:53 PM »
yes to some degree - but you can extract usable energy only from the radioactive materials,
this is why I'm convinced that the"metal particles " are made out of radioactive metals.
In fact, this conversion was discovered by Le Bon 150 years ago.

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #50 on: September 07, 2016, 07:58:35 PM »
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Le_Bon
Controversy
Le Bon's physical theories generated some mild controversy in the physics community. In 1896 he reported observing a new kind of radiation, which he termed "black light".[7] Not the same as what people nowadays call black light, its existence was never confirmed and it is now generally understood to be non-existent.[8] His theory of the nature of matter and energy was expanded upon in his book The Evolution of Matter. The book was popular in France, going through 12 editions. The major premise of the book is matter is an inherently unstable substance and slowly transforms into luminiferous ether. One major supporter was Henri Poincaré,[9] however by 1900 physicists had rejected his formulation.


https://archive.org/stream/evolutionmatter00legggoog#page/n7/mode/2up
https://archive.org/stream/evolutionofforce00leboiala#page/n5/mode/2up


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich

telecom

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #51 on: September 07, 2016, 09:11:58 PM »
You need to read the book, you will find exactly what described in the patent

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #52 on: September 07, 2016, 09:30:27 PM »
http://uvminerals.org/fms/luminescence


Only reading "the" book or books ? ::)  Fine,cause I thought that I would have to study the content ! ;)
 But I will need some time to evaluate this matter ! 478 pages,strong stuff !


http://rexresearch.com/lebonmat/lebonmat.htm


phosphorescence


http://acoustics-research.physics.ucla.edu/sonoluminescence/

telecom

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #53 on: September 07, 2016, 09:39:40 PM »
Fluorescence and Photoluminescence are luminescence where the energy is supplied by electromagnetic radiation (rays such as light, which will be discussed later). Photoluminescence is generally taken to mean "luminesce from any electromagnetic radiation", while fluorescence is often used only for luminescence caused by ultraviolet, although it may also be used for other photoluminescences. Fluorescence is seen in fluorescent lights, amusement park and movie special effects, the redness of rubies in sunlight, "day-glo" or "neon" colors, and in emission nebulae seen with telescopes in the night sky. Bleaches enhance their whitening power with a white fluorescent material.

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #54 on: September 07, 2016, 09:48:31 PM »
http://rexresearch.com/kohnen/kohnen.htm not to forget
The Litroenergy technology is based on a combination of an advanced phosphorus and tritium, hence the 12-year half-life. Tritium is the most harmless of the various radioactive elements, and is ubiquitous in nature, in the air we breathe and the water we drink. Tritium is quite benign. Only in recent years has it no longer been considered perfectly safe. The MPK packaging of tritium into microspheres that have a 5,000-pound crush resistance, makes this technology safe. In the case of release into the air, it essentially is released as hydrogen. The minute, "soft" radioactive emissions from the tritium do not penetrate through the walls of the microsphere encapsulation. MPK is having the Litroenergy Power Cells tested for classification as non-toxic and non-radioactive.[/size]
Taking the gradual diminishment over time, the power output will need to be engineered in such a way that it is overbuilt for the devices it is powering so that it matches the desired lifespan of the device.  In many applications, an accompanying battery may be designed into the system to serve as a reservoir of the continuous trickle charge output of the Litroenergy Power Cell, while the device may only be used transiently. How the excess energy is dispersed during the first portion of the device lifetime can be engineered appropriately.[/size]

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #55 on: September 07, 2016, 10:13:45 PM »
Thermodynamic question:
Anergy
and
http://documents.tips/documents/zoran-rant-termodinamika.html    Exergy


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table
the above table before and after https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_torch treatment ?


"M. Gustave LeBon was the first, as we should not forget, to throw some light into this dark chaos, by sowing that radioactivity is not peculiar to a few rare substances, such as uranium, etc., but is a general property of matter, possessed in varying degrees by all bodies.


http://fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/energy-news/?page_id=481 Radiant Energy


lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #57 on: September 08, 2016, 02:48:25 PM »

                 this electricity-2-light-2-amplified electricity method

http://translationportal.epo.org/emtp/translate/?ACTION=description-retrieval&COUNTRY=DE&ENGINE=google&FORMAT=docdb&KIND=A1&LOCALE=en_EP&NUMBER=3817730&OPS=ops.epo.org/3.1&SRCLANG=de&TRGLANG=en

                            up to 190 years light source
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4349768A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=5&date=19820914&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP
                           up to 190 years power delivery,3 charges per day
http://www.electrochem.org/redcat-blog/nanowire-battery-charges-200000-times/


is for me as power source with coupled step up e-2-light-2-e  transformer stages sufficient

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #58 on: September 08, 2016, 04:47:06 PM »

http://www.electrochem.org/redcat-blog/nanowire-battery-charges-200000-times/
                               200.000 charge cycles is a great numeric value

https://energyphysics.wikispaces.com/file/view/maxwell.jpg/224969182/658x307/maxwell.jpg
                                                      discharge time ! 
           
http://berc.berkeley.edu/storage-wars-batteries-vs-supercapacitors/
             up to  10.000000 charge cycles is a greater number


instead battery-set cycle : capacitor-/condensator-set cycle , best solution: Hybrid
http://www.sunvaultenergy.com/sunvault-energy-and-edison-power-company-create-massive-10000-farad-graphene-supercapacitor/
“Currently the cost to manufacture a lithium battery is about $500 (USD) per/ kWh. Tesla recently announced a Super Factory to be built in Nevada, with a promise to get the price of lithium batteries down to $150 USD per kWh by 2020, our current cost estimated for this type of graphene base supercapacitor is about $100 per kWh today and we feel confident we should be able to cut this pricing in half by the end of 2015”

         view September 2016 :actual development stage ? Estimated market price ?
            ( $100 X cutting in half ) x 600% ,up to 800% R&D margin : 300-400 US$/KWh equivalent ?
       
                             http://www.biosolar.com/super_battery.php
                     http://www.biosolar.com/images/chart-1-may-13.png

http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/whats_the_role_of_the_supercapacitor
The supercapacitor has evolved and crosses into battery technology by using special electrodes and electrolyte. While the basic Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC) depends on electrostatic action, the Asymmetric Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (AEDLC) uses battery-like electrodes to gain higher energy density, but this has a shorter cycle life and other burdens that are shared with the battery. Graphene electrodes promise improvements to supercapacitors and batteries but such developments are 15 years away.


good promises,for the future: actually there is the search for the cheap 20WH/Kg capacity "first generator stage" solution ! 20Wh x X-re-/charge cycles per day ,"infinite capattery set"


next question: the industrial offered conventional battery cycles estimation in numbers
http://www.bticcs.com/pub/CCSE.pdf
For NC batteries, per example, manufacturers are quoting 500 to 1,000 charge cycles. In real life most of these batteries have just a life of 100 cycles and often fail in much shorter time. As CCS is proving, much of it is the inadequate charging process, that cuts a battery life short. With CCS a battery life of 5000 charge cycles can be reached.


5000 re-/charge cycles give us up to 15 years(1 charge cycle per day: battery capacity/daily consume)time to wait for the above 200000 charges battery market introducion and first battery price drops


http://www.google.tl/patents/US5543666 Wattpeak limiter and controler household


                             
                         lightcell generator Wattpeak and Watthour limiter and controle:


130 W solar cell output and 20 W CFL input :external feeding to feedback cycle process time ?
                                            20Wh: 60 min  2Wh:6 min   1Wh:3 min
                                                = battery/capacitor capacitance


                        CFL: DC-lamp or AC-lamp ? inrush current limiter,AC:inverter
                        feedback cycle: lamp dimmer : solar cell output limiter 


https://richsoil.com/CFL-fluorescent-light-bulbs.jsp
 but also LED-bulbs claimed 100.000 working hours are actual by experienced reality often only 1000 hours,an expert ( Ex-Philips engineer) told me that the problem is not the LED-material but the resistor
« Last Edit: September 08, 2016, 10:44:05 PM by lancaIV »

lancaIV

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Re: 24/365 solar cell output theory and experiments
« Reply #59 on: September 09, 2016, 10:39:55 AM »

https://translate.google.de/translate?sl=de&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=de&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.udo-leuschner.de%2Fenergie%2Fe00inhalt.htm&edit-text=


Anergy=useless energy for the wished use = conversion need
Exergy =usefull energy  for the wished use = ready to use


https://translate.google.de/translate?sl=de&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=de&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oeko-energie.de%2Fenergieberatung%2F&edit-text=

Go to the tab :

A further example for better understanding.
One can use current or so wasting so:
Standart : 18650 Wh/day          Intelligent,ecconomical budget : 3020 Wh/day
                                                   2016 tech possibility                : 1500 Wh/day +  room heating/cooling energy
                                                                                                                                 and from the tab excluded fridge/freezer energy consume

                            1500 Wh per day and household,not per capita/f.ea. consumer !

budget problem : 1,5 KWh/day  power means 5 KWh battery capacity


125 W permanent electricity generator : 5    KWh aequivalent battery/capacitor energy storage
                                                                     consumer energy delivered full by battery                       
250 W                                                     1,5 KWh
                                                                      consumer energy delivered directly from generator and battery       
375 W                                                     0,5 KWh
                                                                      consumer energy delivered mainly from generator and partial from battery source

                                    1 KWh 1000-1500 charge cycles battery market price: 500 US$


conventional 15% efficiency solar cells gives as Wattpeak 200 W output,yearly 900 full hour and with an average 30 years life time : 5400 KWh/qm


5400 KWh/200W~ 3 years permanent use (important for the R.O.I. calculation)




a. reducing the power losts for the wished machine/appliance function;
    humans have in average 80 Watt per hour energy delivery capacitance,
    has the machine/appliance to be -function and power related- stronger/bigger ?
    "fractional horsepower: 1/9 hp ~ 80W "


b. machine/appliance function worth estimation and priority :ranking
    bodyforce or electric ?
c. energy source Wattp and consumer Wattpeak balancing
    timer use and controler http://www.google.tl/patents/US5543666
« Last Edit: September 09, 2016, 01:36:51 PM by lancaIV »