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Author Topic: Help with electric motor power calculations  (Read 9853 times)

gotoluc

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Help with electric motor power calculations
« on: May 31, 2013, 03:36:56 AM »
Hi everyone,

I need some electric motor power information that I can't find or don't know how to calculate.

What I would like to know is how many grams of pull force would an 80% efficient electric motor have per Watt in stalled position.

Thanks for your time

Luc

fritz

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #1 on: May 31, 2013, 09:27:37 AM »
Unless you don´t have a rated stall torque from a datasheet or torque/amps/rpm curves it might be pretty difficult to calculate.
If you have a motor with few poles - ths stall torque might be additional position dependent.
If you have the rating for 80% efficiency - than this will be given in a narrow rpm/load band.
For motors with few poles - there would be the need for a gearbox to get a useful stall torque.
If you provide more details on type of motor / model I could help out with assumptions / comparisons.
rgd.

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #2 on: June 01, 2013, 05:47:55 PM »
Hi fritz,

thanks for your reply.

What I'm trying to find is a reference of what's the best known score (in grams of pull per watt) of an electromagnet (with air gap) like in an electric motor scenario.

A solenoid data could be used as it's the same principle of an electric motor but it must have an air gap to compare it with an electric motor.

Why I need this?... it's to test the pull force per watt of a new build I have of my mostly permanent magnet motor design. I want to see if the pull force of my design can beat what has already been accomplish.

I have looked around and found a solenoid can pull 20 grams per watt. However, I don't know if that's the best score?

Is there a way to convert inch or foot pounds to pull pound?... if so, then maybe we could convert a known motor stall torque from inch pounds to pull pounds. The only thing I don't understand is, if a motor stall torque is in inch or foot pounds but the shaft is not turning (stalled) how can that work?

Thanks for you time and offer to help

Luc

Low-Q

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #3 on: June 03, 2013, 11:18:34 PM »
I think you are confusing torque with energy. Torque must be measured at a known radius. Only then you can figure out the "grams of pull" it can do.
You can have two motors with the same Watt rating and the same efficiency, but one can have 100 times more torque than the other. However, the higher torque is on expence of lower rpm's in order to conserve energy.


Vidar

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #4 on: June 04, 2013, 12:53:56 AM »
I think you are confusing torque with energy. Torque must be measured at a known radius. Only then you can figure out the "grams of pull" it can do.
You can have two motors with the same Watt rating and the same efficiency, but one can have 100 times more torque than the other. However, the higher torque is on expence of lower rpm's in order to conserve energy.


Vidar

Hi Vidar,

thanks for your reply. I do agree with what you say. I am not knowledgeable in motor power calculations. This is why I started this topic, to get help from the more knowledgeable.

What I'm trying to do is find a way to measure the work force in watts of my mostly magnet motor design I came up with some years ago compared to the work force of a conventional electric motor.

Maybe I should compare it with the pull force of a solenoid as my design is more like that principle. But where to find the data of the most efficient solenoid pull force?  to see if my design can pull more per watt.

What I find interesting in my design is, there is not sticky spot as the magnets are fixed. Only the coil moves within the magnetized core area and the coils Inductance remains the same throughout the power stroke. But the most interesting thing is, the more the permanent magnets are powerful and the more core surface area there is, the more the coils pull force is without increasing power.

If you are not familiar with my motor, please have a look at the 2 video to get a better idea of how the motor works:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYoXmDvFqQs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KnAeIE_NWjU

I've just finished building a new version and this one uses 4 of 1 inch cube N52 magnets instead of the tiny hard drive magnet I used in the video demo.

I'm just trying to see if my design has any more pull force than a standard coil and core. But for that I need some data and method of calculating it without going through the time and expense of building a flywheel for the new one I built just to convert the push pull action to rotation and build a dyno to test it. There must be a way I can just use a hook scale that will measure the pull force in grams, oz. or pounds and compared that to the watts consumed.

Can you or anyone help?

Thanks for your time and help

Luc

elecar

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #5 on: June 04, 2013, 06:09:33 PM »
That is great, I would love to have seen the output on the motor behind the fly wheel in the 2nd video.

elecar

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #6 on: June 04, 2013, 06:18:37 PM »
I should of added that a spring balance may be the best way to measure the pull.

mikestocks2006

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #7 on: June 04, 2013, 07:45:02 PM »
Hi everyone,

I need some electric motor power information that I can't find or don't know how to calculate.

What I would like to know is how many grams of pull force would an 80% efficient electric motor have per Watt in stalled position.

Thanks for your time

Luc
Hi gotoluc,
It appears that you are looking for a basic dynamometer “dyno” to see the output power (mechanical) vs input power electrical, for an electric motor with a rotating shaft for mechanical output.
A prony brake setup might be the easiest/cheapest way to do it. You’ll need a couple of force gauges (digital scales), 3-6 $ a piece, a pulley, adopted to fit the motor’s shaft, a piece of string, flex cable wire etc. and a way to measure rpm or Hz (rotating frequency of the motor.
 Keep the tension lines parallel
 
The setup/calculations example here
 https://www.physics.purdue.edu/demos/display_page.php?item=1K-03
 
A single force/torque measurement can be used on another setup, it still needs the rpm or Hz measurement.
Such as http://www.hereticalbuilders.com/showthread.php?t=198
 
Another variation of prony brake setup/formulas/exmple calculations
http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/metal/Applied-Science-Metal-Workers/48-Another-Form-Of-Prony-Brake.html
 
I hope this helps.
Mike
 

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #8 on: June 04, 2013, 10:23:36 PM »
Sorry Mike,  that's not what I want to do.

Read my reply to vidar (above yours) to better understand.

Luc

mikestocks2006

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #9 on: June 04, 2013, 11:16:03 PM »
Sorry Mike,  that's not what I want to do.

Read my reply to vidar (above yours) to better understand.

Luc

Ok, if you try to compare the pull force of your solenoid to a the power of an 80%  efficient typical electric motor, the units are incompatible, Newtons not equal to Watts.
The pull force of your solenoid is easy to measure, use simple weights or small kitchen scale.
When you stall a motor by clamping the shaft you measure the stall torque (not force), (also possibly depending on position if the motor has considerable cogging).
 
Maybe you can compare solenoid to solenoid.
There are standard spec tables out there that maybe of help then:
Check page 6 force vs power graphs for a permanent magnet solenoid as an example
http://www.delta.com.tw/product/cp/solenoid/download/pdf/Solenoids%20catalogue.pdf
For design and comparison to what you have this might help with your calculations.
http://www.daycounter.com/Calculators/Magnets/Solenoid-Force-Calculator.phtml
 
I hope this helps
Mike
 

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #10 on: June 05, 2013, 05:35:19 AM »
That does look better Mike!... but I'm also not good at charts and documents. Do you think you could find the highest performing solenoid and just give me a number for the pull force and how many watts it's using to do that?

That would be the great help that I looking for.

Thanks for your time and offer to help

Luc

mikestocks2006

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #11 on: June 05, 2013, 08:40:10 PM »
That does look better Mike!... but I'm also not good at charts and documents. Do you think you could find the highest performing solenoid and just give me a number for the pull force and how many watts it's using to do that?

That would be the great help that I looking for.

Thanks for your time and offer to help

Luc
Hi Luc,
Once you find the charts, they are not that difficult to read, but also the resulting numbers are approximations. The charts usually plot force vs power and a number of curves for the travel.
The permanent magnet ones seem to be the higher ratio f/w ones.
Some of the numbers as depicted are about 43 grams/watt for less than a mm (0.5 mm) to 10 grams/watt for 5 mm travel.
This should give you some basic reference to work/compare from.
I hope this helps
Mike
 

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #12 on: June 05, 2013, 09:27:00 PM »
Thanks Mike,  this is the most helpful information I have received yet!

My design can pulls more than 43 grams per watt and can keep pulling at the same rate for more than a 20mm

If anyone else finds a better score please post it.

Maybe I should contact a solenoid company. Anyone know who make the most powerful ones on the market?

Thanks for your time

Luc

gotoluc

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Re: Help with electric motor power calculations
« Reply #13 on: July 20, 2013, 06:45:27 AM »
Hi everyone,

I decided to make a video update as I have recently found a better position for the magnets which takes full advantage of each magnet pole and basically double the pulling power when the outside cores are added.

The video should be self explanatory

http://youtu.be/-eTQ49RcFKM

Luc