Hi!
Having studied all the fine experimenting in this thread, I feel it is time to inject some theory as to what is actually occurring in these electromagnetic devices.
This is a bit long but bear with it. There is important information here.
If we pinch a guitar string with our fingers and pull it to one side, we put energy into the string which is stored as potential. When we gently stop pulling, this energy is gently returned to us as the string returns to its original position. Nothing further happens.
If, having pulled the guitar string to one side, we abruptly release it then it again returns to its starting position. However, in this instance, all the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as the string acquires velocity. Newton tells us that things in motion keep on moving until something stops them. So it is with the guitar string. It keeps going past its rest position until all the kinetic energy is converted back to potential.
This conversion between potential and kinetic energy keeps going until all the energy has been radiated away into the surrounding medium, in this case as sound waves.
This cyclic conversion of energy is known as resonance and happens at a single frequency for any given system. Our guitar string has a single defined note.
So what does this have to do with electromagnetism?
The experiments show us that the magnetic field behaves like the stressing of an elastic medium, like pulling a guitar string to one side. When the cause of the stress is removed, the medium attempts to return to its pre-stressed state.
Experiments also show us that there is a definite link between the position of electrons and the degree of this magnetic stress. Whenever an electron moves, it causes this stress to manifest. When the electron stops moving, the medium settles into a new steady state and the stress is gone.
Experiments also show us that the reverse is true. When a part of the medium is subjected to a change in this stress, any electrons within it are forced to adopt new positions. They move until the stress stops changing and a new steady state is achieved.
So, we have an elastic medium, like a guitar string, and we have a means of stressing and destressing it by moving and then abruptly stopping electrons, like plucking a guitar string.
The experiments in this thread have also shown that when you "pluck" this magnetic medium by steadily applying a current to stress the medium and then rapidly removing that current, the medium resonates just like a guitar string.
Because of the relationship between magnetic stress and electron position, the resonance of the magnetic medium causes a corresponding resonance of electron position, a back EMF if you will.
The resonance continues until all the energy of the original impulse has dissipated as electromagnetic radiation, radio waves, or as heat if there is a circuit for electric current to flow in.
Shorting the coil is not strictly necessary. It is only necessary to cut the input at the sine wave peak and then restore it at the next zero crossing.
So far so good but there is no OU here. So where is it?
We can prolong the magnetic resonance by reducing the damping action of the electric circuit. If we connect a load to the circuit, the resonance will dissipate very quickly as the available energy is transferred to the load. If instead we turn the electric circuit into a resonant tank by addition of a capacitor, we can prolong the resonance. To do this, the resonant frequency of the LC tank circuit must match the resonant frequency of the magnetic medium. The latter can be worked out from the oscilloscope traces of the resonant ringing.
The resonance will also be enhanced if the “pluck†frequency is a sub-harmonic of the magnetic resonant frequency.
Still no OU though. Back to that guitar…
A guitar has a resonant box behind the strings. This box resonates in sympathy with the strings. We can hear it. We can feel it. There is energy there. More energy than from the string alone. More energy than was imparted by our pluck.
If you put six identical strings on a guitar and tune them all to the same frequency, then just pluck one of them, they will all resonate. This does not diminish the resonance of the one we plucked, yet they are all now resonating. Where did all this extra energy come from?
Fortunately for us, we don’t need to be too bothered about where the energy comes from. We just have to accept that sympathetic resonance does occur and it is free energy.
So back to our electromagnetic circuits. How can we get ourselves some of this free energy in electrical form? What is required is to couple secondary circuits to the primary by sympathetic resonance. We do not try to draw power from the primary. This would “kill the dipole†as Tom Bearden might say. Instead we draw power only from the secondaries whilst ensuring that they remain tuned to the primary.
Remind you of anything? Well, a radio receiver for one, but also a device I saw once and am struggling to recall. It had a vertical coil in the centre with other vertical coils arranged around it some distance away (there is no inductive coupling required here). As I recall, this thing worked but was a pain to tune and keep tuned. With modern electronics, it should be relatively simple to tune a similar device and keep it tuned but it needn’t be too flash for a DIY proof of concept.
Sorry this was so long. It is of course only an empirical model but I think it’s a bit clearer than some of the nonsense about collapsing fields and currents that want to keep going and other such fanciful descriptions. Electrons only translate when they are pushed. Ordinarily the aether keeps them in place in their orbits using this same magnetic stress. I’m sure the real interactions between electrons and the aether are somewhat more complex but I think we have enough to be going on here.
Hope this helps.
