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Author Topic: MH's ideal coil and voltage question  (Read 484927 times)

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #330 on: May 14, 2016, 03:09:11 PM »
Consider a series string of ideal inductors connected into a loop with a shorting wire. 
With or without mutual inductance?

If you induce a time varying current into the loop, would there not be a measurable voltage drop between the inductors due to the reactance of those inductors? 
If k<1 and the time varying current was caused asymmetrically, e.g. by varying the flux through only one of the inductors, then there would be a measurable voltage across that inductor as it would act as a voltage source in series with the other inductors.

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #331 on: May 14, 2016, 03:12:23 PM »
1-If we have an inductor that has no resistance,and the two ends of that inductor are joined,so as the inductor is now just a continual loop of wire(shorted),can we place a voltage across that inductor that has no resistance.
2-If there is now a current flowing in that shorted ideal inductor,is there any two points across that ideal inductor where a voltage can be measured?
No to 1 & 2.

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #332 on: May 14, 2016, 03:15:16 PM »
Do you believe you can you induce a current flow in an "ordinary" inductor with its ends shorted together?
Yes, by varying the flux penetrating that inductor.
And since that inductor has resistance now, then the current flow will cause a voltage drop across any two points on it.

poynt99

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #333 on: May 14, 2016, 03:16:01 PM »
Brad, Mags,

Please see the attached.

This is the ideal varying voltage source MH poses in his question. It is an arbitrary wave form really, constructed of a number of voltage levels and times. That's all, nothing mysterious, other than it can source infinite current, being ideal and all.

Does this make sense now? I trust this is clearly understood.

The question is, what happens to the circuit current?, i.e. draw out the circuit current on this same graph.

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #334 on: May 14, 2016, 03:20:22 PM »
Brad, the short answer is that you can always place a voltage source across an ideal inductor even if it has "zero resistance." 
I think you are conflating the series connection of the voltage source and the inductor with the parallel connection of the voltage source to a shorted inductor, as stipulated by Tinman,
Picowatt wrote that you had a different connection in mind earlier in the thread (which I did not read) so the meaning of the word "across" might be at the root of your disagreement with Tinman.

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #335 on: May 14, 2016, 03:28:50 PM »
I did not notice the short circuit you drew into your diagram.  I mistook those arrows for measurement points (only glanced, time is short right now).
That could be the root of the misunderstanding with Tinman.  When he writes "shorted inductor" he means "shorted by an ideal wire" not "shorted by an ideal voltage source".

Surely you do not believe that is the equivalent circuit for an ideal inductor with zero resistance.
I think he does and he is correct. 

Why do you indicate a wire shorting your coil?  You do know that does not represent an ideal inductor don't you?
The opposite to a shorted inductor is an "open inductor" and such inductor behaves as if it did not exist at all.  This can be seen when an "open inductor" is subjected to varying magnetic flux. i.e from an approaching permanent magnet.
Most real inductors are somewhere in-between - between the "shorted inductor" and "open inductor" ...closer to the shorted, though.


verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #336 on: May 14, 2016, 03:33:01 PM »
Question 2--see diagram below.
No.

tinman

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #337 on: May 14, 2016, 03:36:03 PM »
Indeed the ideal voltage source has no internal resistance nor reactance.
However an ideal inductor has reactance even if it does not have resistance.
Impedance = Resistance + Reactance



This is the reason why a simple Ohm's law i=V/R is not applicable to calculating current in an L circuit, as it totally disregards the reactance (half of the complex impedance).

Quote
That's why if an ideal voltage source is connected in series with an ideal inductor, then the current will be impeded by its reactance despite not being impeded by its resistance.

The connection is not just a series connection when there is only two components.
The connection is both series and parallel.
The fact that the ideal voltage source has no internal resistance,and is connected across the ideal inductor,means the inductor is now a loop connection with no resistance to current flow through that now looped inductor. And as we know,a voltage cannot be measured across any two points of a looped(shorted) ideal inductor.

Regardless of the fact that the ideal voltage source can produce a voltage,the fact that the ideal voltage source is now connected across that ideal inductor,means that the current flowing through it is in no way impeded,nor is there any loss to resistance,as the resistance value is 0--and so no power is dissipated.

So now you have a situation where we cannot measure a voltage across any two points of the circuit,and yet at the same time,we are trying to place the very same thing across that circuit that cannot be measured.


Brad

poynt99

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #338 on: May 14, 2016, 03:40:52 PM »
That could be the root of the misunderstanding with Tinman.  When he writes "shorted inductor" he means "shorted by an ideal wire" not "shorted by an ideal voltage source".
I think he does and he is correct. 
The opposite to a shorted inductor is an "open inductor" and such inductor behaves as if it did not exist at all.  This can be seen when an "open inductor" is subjected to varying magnetic flux. i.e from an approaching permanent magnet.
Most real inductors are somewhere in-between - between the "shorted inductor" and "open inductor" ...closer to the shorted, though.

What are you saying exactly?

That an ideal inductor is one that has a short across its terminals? Please clarify your point.

partzman

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #339 on: May 14, 2016, 03:49:15 PM »
That could be the root of the misunderstanding with Tinman.  When he writes "shorted inductor" he means "shorted by an ideal wire" not "shorted by an ideal voltage source".
I think he does and he is correct. 
The opposite to a shorted inductor is an "open inductor" and such inductor behaves as if it did not exist at all.  This can be seen when an "open inductor" is subjected to varying magnetic flux. i.e from an approaching permanent magnet.
Most real inductors are somewhere in-between - between the "shorted inductor" and "open inductor" ...closer to the shorted, though.

Verpies,

I disagree here. The coil resistance should be in series with the inductance not in parallel. If this were a multiple winding arrangement, then the reflected resistance/impedance would be in parallel with the referenced winding.

partzman

tinman

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #340 on: May 14, 2016, 03:50:34 PM »
Brad,

I am curious as to why you wish to apply an ideal voltage to a shorted ideal coil in reference to MH's original question? IMO, it really has no bearing. Perhaps this idea stems from the second condition of the question where zero volts is applied for 2 secs!?

In regards to an ideal voltage source not changing, we must qualify the change.  Assume for a moment that I am the creator of an ideal voltage source.  I am free from all known laws to set the voltage level at any magnitude I choose. The magnitude I choose however will not change with any attached load but I am still free to change the magnitude at any given time I wish. The output is still unable to change with any load variation.  This is the ideal voltage source MH used in his question.

partzman

Because an ideal voltage source has no internal resistance,and that is what makes it ideal.
The ideal voltage source is a series/parallel connection,as there is only two components in the circuit. As that ideal voltage source provides the very same link across the inductor as the piece of non resistant wire dose,then as soon as you hook the ideal voltage source across that ideal inductor,you have just shorted(looped) that ideal inductor.

If the voltage was reduced to 0 volts on the ideal voltage source,the current flow would continue through the loop that now exist in the ideal coil.=,as the voltage source has no internal resistance to impede the current flow.

Ask your self this.
When MH turns his voltage source down to a value of 0 volts,will the current flow continue on?
If not,then explain as to why not--what will impede that current flow,when the complete loop from the ideal inductor across the ideal voltage supply has no resistance ?

Who here can draw the complete circuit,along with the resistance values of that circuit?.


Brad

picowatt

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #341 on: May 14, 2016, 03:51:53 PM »
I think he does and he is correct. 

Are you stating that you believe the equivalent circuit for an ideal inductor is an inductor in parallel with (shorted) by an ideal wire?

Do you also believe that the equivalent circuit for a normal inductor has its wire resistance in parallel with the inductor?

PW

verpies

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #342 on: May 14, 2016, 03:53:55 PM »
The equivalent circuit model for an ideal inductor is not an inductor with a wire shorting across its ends.
Just because most of the world does it wrong does not mean that we have to.

An energized capacitor can be correctly modeled in an open state, the inductor - just the opposite.

Are you stating that you believe the equivalent circuit for an ideal inductor is an inductor in parallel with (shorted) by an ideal wire?
Yes, with an addendum that it can also be shorted by an ideal voltage source.
I know that SPICE does not draw an inductor this way, but internally it calculates it that way.

Do you also believe that the equivalent circuit for a normal inductor has its wire resistance in parallel with the inductor?
No, I believe that when the parasitic capacitance is disregarded then the real inductor's equivalent circuit has its wire resistance in series with its inductance and that entire circuit is closed by an ideal wire just like with an ideal inductor devoid of resistance.

tinman

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #343 on: May 14, 2016, 03:54:06 PM »
Which is what I stipulated, that the current flowing had to vary over time to be able to measure a voltage as per the question.


 

PW

Quote
Consider a series string of ideal inductors connected into a loop with a shorting wire.  If you induce a time varying current into the loop, would there not be a measurable voltage drop between the inductors due to the reactance of those inductors?


A MH paradox added?

There is only one inductor--not a series of them.
My question was very clear.

Brad

tinman

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Re: MH's ideal coil and voltage question
« Reply #344 on: May 14, 2016, 03:56:46 PM »
Yes, the Ohm's law is not applicable to inductors because it totally disregards the reactance of the inductor.
Resistance is only one half of the total Impedance.  It actually is the reason why we have all these words to describe it.

But it is applicable when that ideal inductor is shorted(becomes a continual loop)
Even when a current is flowing through that looped ideal inductor,ohms law states that V=IxR,and as there is no R,then there is no voltage across that looped inductor--as we know.


Brad